Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

840 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    295 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Other

295 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    143 studies
  2. Low frequency
    109 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    55 studies

Radio frequency 143 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Tüfekci KK et al. 2023 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Tümkaya L et al. 2022 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley (embryo) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Ulubay M et al. 2015 animal, rat/Wistar albino (embryo), whole body: <i>in utero</i> - 900 MHz 2 W/kg - mobile phone, mobile communications, co-exposure
Vadeyar SH et al. 2000 human, whole body: embryo <i>in utero</i> - - - - MRI
Vargová B et al. 2021 invertebrate - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field
Vilic M et al. 2017 invertebrate, honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>), whole body - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, AM amplitude modulation
Vozeh F et al. 2007 animal, mouse/Lurcher mutant and wild type (derived of the two strains C3H and B6CBA), whole body spatial learning ability, motor functions, CNS excitability, development of body weight 870 MHz 0.05–1.44 mW/g repeated daily exposure, 2.5 h/day, for 21 days RF field
Yakymenko I et al. 2018 animal, Japanese quail eggs - 1,800 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Yan S et al. 2022 animal, mouse/C57BL/6J - 2 GHz - - mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave
Yenilmez F 2022 animal, chicken/Ross (egg) - 800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Yilmaz A et al. 2017 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Yuksel M et al. 2016 - - 900–2,450 MHz - - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz
Zareen N et al. 2009 animal, chicken embryos/Desi (eggs), whole body effects on the eye: retinal differentiation 1,800 MHz - 15 min twice daily for up to 15 days mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field
Zhang Y et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, primary cortical neurons (of rat) - 2.45 GHz 6 W/kg - RF field, 2.45 GHz
Zook BC et al. 2005 - - - - - RF field, CW continuous wave, PW pulsed wave, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
de Gannes FP et al. 2009 animal, rat/Wistar WI, whole body teratogenic effects, immunological processes 2,450 MHz 0.16 W/kg continuous for 7 hr/day, 5 days/week, for 30 days microwaves, CW continuous wave, 2.45 GHz
Çiftçi ZZ et al. 2018 - - - - - 2.45 GHz, W-LAN/WiFi, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Üstündağ ÜV et al. 2020 - - 15–3,000 MHz - - RF field