To investigate the histological and morphological effects of electromagnetic fields emitted by a mobile phone on the retina of developing chicken embryos.
Fertilized chicken eggs were exposed (n=60) at different ages of development and then compared with a control group (n=60). Both of the groups were subdivided into two subgroups (30 eggs each) based on exposure duration (10 or 15 post-incubation).
| Exposure | Parameters |
|---|---|
|
Exposure 1:
1,800 MHz
Exposure duration:
15 min twice daily for up to 15 days
|
- |
| Frequency | 1,800 MHz |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Exposure duration | 15 min twice daily for up to 15 days |
| Exposure source | |
|---|---|
| Distance between exposed object and exposure source | 16.5 cm |
| Setup | 30 eggs placed in a double ring pattern on a double storey circular plate; mobile phone positioned in the center of the lower plate |
No parameters are specified for this exposure.
Exposed groups exhibited different responses depending on the number of exposure days: The embryos exposed for 10 days exhibited decreased retinal growth and mild pigmentation of the epithelium compared to the control group. Growth retardation reallocated to growth enhancement on exposure for 15 days, with a shift of pigmentation grade from mild to intense.
The authors conclude that electromagnetic fields emitted by a mobile phone cause derangement of chicken embryo retinal differentiation. By continuing exposure for 15 days, stress defense mechanisms may have been activated, producing a compensatory effect to make up the delay in the differentiation and pigmentation, and in the same process cause growth enhancement and shifted from mild to intense pigmentation.
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