Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Epidemiological studies on power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

528 studies in total
  1. Childhood leukemia
    103 studies
  2. Other
    85 studies
  3. Leukemia/lymphoma
    85 studies
  4. Brain cancer
    81 studies
  5. Breast cancer
    65 studies
  6. Neurodegenerative diseases
    64 studies
  7. Other types of cancer
    63 studies
  8. Other types of childhood cancer
    62 studies
  9. Reproductive/pregnancy effects
    61 studies
  10. Hypersensitivity/well-being/subjective complaints
    31 studies

Brain cancer 81 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Study type Study group Observation period Study location Endpoints Parameters
Authors Year Study type Study group Observation period Study location Endpoints Parameters
Koeman T et al. 2014 cohort study men, women, 55–69 years 1986 - 2003 the Netherlands Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, diffuse B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, multiple myeloma, leukemia, myeloid leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, brain tumor, breast cancer, lung cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Forssen UM et al. 2006 case-control study men, women 1987 - 1999 Sweden acoustic neuroma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Carlberg M et al. 2020 case-control study men, women, 20–80 years 1997 - 2003, 2007 - 2009 Sweden acoustic neuroma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Juutilainen J et al. 1990 cohort study men, 25–64 years 1971 -1980 Finland acute myeloid leukemia, all leukemia types, brain tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Floderus B et al. 1993 case-control study men, 20–64 years 1983 - 1987 Sweden acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, brain tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Miller AB et al. 1996 case-control study men 1973 - 1988 Canada acute nonlymphoid leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, and chronic lymphoid leukemia, brain tumor, other cancer electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Theriault G et al. 1994 case-control study men 1970 - 1989 France and Canada acute nonlymphoid leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, brain tumor, male breast cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, rectum cancer, lung cancer, melanoma and other cancer types, all cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Zagar T et al. 2023 - men, women, children, 0–29 years 2005 - 2016 Slovenia all cancer, childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, brain tumor, leukemia and lymphoma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Khan MW et al. 2021 cohort study men, women, ≥ 18 years 1967 - 2016 Finland any hematological neoplasms, all types of leukemia, lymphoid leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, myeloid leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, Lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, multiple myeloma, glioma and meningioma magnetic field, low frequency, electrical substation, 50/60 Hz, residential
Kheifets LI et al. 1995 meta-analysis men 1950 - 1988 USA, New Zealand, Australia, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark, Germany, Switzerland, UK, Canada, France brain tumor electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Mutnick A et al. 1997 case-control study men, women, 20–80 years not stated USA brain tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, electric blanket, other domestic appliance, personal
Harrington JM et al. 1997 case-control study men, women 1972 - 1991 UK brain tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, occupational
Grayson JK 1996 case-control study men, ≥ 18 years 1970 - 1989 USA brain tumor RF field, microwaves, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Hardell L et al. 2000 case-control study men, women, 20–80 years 1994 - 1996 Sweden brain tumor mobile communications, analog mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, NMT, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, occupational, personal, also other exposures without EMF
Sorahan T et al. 2001 cohort study men, women, 25–79 years 1973 - 1997 UK brain tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Beall C et al. 1996 case-control study men 1975 - 1989 USA brain tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, occupational
Hardell L et al. 2001 case-control study men, women, 21–80 years 1994 - 1996 Sweden brain tumor mobile communications, analog mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, NMT, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, occupational, personal, also other exposures without EMF
Kaplan S et al. 1997 case-control study men, women, 18–74 years 1987 - 1991 Israel brain tumor RF field, electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Reif JS et al. 1989 case-control study men, ≥ 20 years 1980 - 1984 New Zealand brain tumor RF field, Radio/TV transmitter, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Klaeboe L et al. 2005 case-control study men, women, ≥ 16 years 1980 - 1996 Norway brain tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, occupational, residential
Pan SY et al. 2005 case-control study men, women, 20–76 years 1994 - 1997 Canada brain tumor RF field, Radio/TV transmitter, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Wertheimer N et al. 1987 - men, women, 20–69 years - USA brain tumor, breast cancer, leukemia and lymphoma, e.g., lung cancer, kidney cancer magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, occupational, residential
Cocco P et al. 1998 case-control study men, women, ≥ 25 years 1984 - 1992 USA brain tumor, cancer of the central nervous system electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Gurney JG et al. 2001 - men, women, children 1975 - 1997 USA brain tumor, central nervous system tumor, childhood brain/CNS tumor mobile communications, mobile phone, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, low frequency, occupational, residential, also other exposures without EMF
Villeneuve PJ et al. 2002 case-control study ≥ 18 years 1994 - 1997 Canada glioblastoma, astrocytoma and other types of brain tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Wrensch M et al. 1999 case-control study men, women 1991 - 1994 USA glioma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Speers MA et al. 1988 case-control study men, women 1969 - 1978 USA glioma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Karipidis KK et al. 2007 case-control study men, women, 20–74 years 1987 - 1991 Australia glioma RF field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Carlberg M et al. 2017 case-control study men, women, 19–80 years 1997 - 2003, 2007 - 2009 Sweden glioma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Rodvall Y et al. 1998 case-control study men, 25–74 years 1987 - 1990 Sweden glioma and meningioma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Preston-Martin S et al. 1989 case-control study men, 25–69 years 1980 - 1984 USA glioma and meningioma electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Navas-Acien A et al. 2002 cohort study men, 25–64 years 1971 - 1989 Sweden glioma and meningioma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Coble JB et al. 2009 case-control study men, women 1994 - 1998 USA glioma and meningioma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Turner MC et al. 2014 case-control study men, women, 30–69 years 2000 - 2004 Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Israel, New Zealand, UK glioma and meningioma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Turner MC et al. 2017 case-control study men, women, 30–59 years 2000 - 2004 Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Israel, New Zealand and UK glioma and meningioma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency, co-exposure, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Carles C et al. 2020 case-control study men, women, ≥ 16 years June 2004 - May 2006 France glioma and meningioma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Mack W et al. 1991 case-control study men, 25–69 years 1980 - 1984 USA glioma, astrocytoma, and meningioma electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Lin RS et al. 1985 cohort study men 1969 - 1982 USA glioma, astrocytoma, unspezified brain tumor RF field, electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Sorahan T 2014 cohort study men, women 1973 - 2010 UK glioma, meningioma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Schlehofer B et al. 1990 case-control study men, women 1987 - 1988 Germany glioma, meningioma and other brain tumor types magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Baldi I et al. 2011 case-control study men, women, ≥ 16 years May 1999 - April 2001 France glioma, meningioma, acoustic neurinoma, and other brain tumor types mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, occupational, residential, personal
Kleinerman RA et al. 2005 case-control study men, women, ≥ 18 years 1994 - 1998 USA glioma, meningioma, acoustic neuroma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, electric blanket, other domestic appliance, personal
Sahl JD et al. 1993 cohort study men, women, ≥ 20 years 1960 - 1988 USA leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, all cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Marcilio I et al. 2011 case-control study men, women, ≥ 40 years 2001 - 2005 Brazil leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Li CY et al. 2003 case-control study men, women, ≥ 15 years 1987 - 1992 Taiwan leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential
Johansen C et al. 2007 cohort study men, women 1968 - 2002 Denmark leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, breast cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational
Dosemeci M et al. 1994 cohort study women 1984 - 1989 USA leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, breast cancer, colon cancer, rectum cancer, lung cancer ovary cancer and other cancer types electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational
Zhang Y et al. 2016 meta-analysis men, women, children 1960 - 2009 USA, Canada, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, France, Italy, Germany, UK, Japan, China, New Zealand, Brazil, Iran leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, breast cancer, other cancer, childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Ballard T et al. 2000 meta-analysis men, women 1950 - 1992 Canada, USA, Finland, UK, Japan leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, breast cancer, rectum cancer, lung cancer and other cancer types, all cancer RF field, electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF
Verkasalo PK et al. 1996 cohort study men, women, ≥ 20 years 1970 - 1989 Finland leukemia and lymphoma, brain tumor, breast cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, rectum cancer, pancreas cancer, uterus cancer, prostate cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer and other cancer types, all cancer magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential