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Satellite radio

Belongs to:
Mobile communications and radio applications
Synonyms:
VSAT
Description:

The satellite radio comprises all radio applications that use satellites for technical communication. The applications use frequencies in the range between 1 GHz and 40 GHz. These frequencies are separated in bands, defined by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), for different services, for example: military communication, research radio, satellite television (BSS) and satellite media services. Another application, for example, is the Digital Audio Broadcasting in the L-band. Transmitted by satellite it's called S-DAB, transmitted by terrestrial antennas so called T-DAB. To receive satellite television or audio broadcasts a parabolic antenna, colloquial dish aerial, is needed. A two-way communication which may be known from outside broadcasting vans ("OB van", "scanner", "mobile unit") needs powerful parabolic antennas, so called VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal). The diameters of VSATs are between 2 m (Ka-band) and 8 m (C-band).

Frequency ranges:
  • 1–2 GHz (L-band by ITU, DAB)
  • 2–4 GHz (S-band by ITU)
  • 4–8 GHz (C-band by ITU)
  • 8–12 GHz (X-band by ITU, military communication, research radio, DVB-S)
  • 12–18 GHz (Ku-band by ITU, fixed-satellite service, BSS, SMS)
  • 18–27 GHz (K-band by ITU)
  • 27–40 GHz (Ka-band by ITU)
Type of field:
electromagnetic

Measurements (acc. to literature)

Measurand Value Feature Remarks
electric field strength 0–0.79 V/m (min-max value, measured) - Sat-Com C Sailor 6006 System (1626,5 - 1646,5 MHz) measured at 12 locations on a marine ship [1]
electric field strength 0.2–0.33 mV/m (maximum) - in the 14 GHz uplink band [2]
electric field strength 70 V/m–15 mV/m (maximum) - in the 6 GHz uplink band [2]
power density 8 W/m² (maximum) - VSAT in main beam direction with frequency: 1.5 - 1.6 GHz [3]

References

  1. Halgamuge MN (2015): Radio Hazard Safety Assessment for Marine Ship Transmitters: Measurements Using a New Data Collection Method and Comparison with ICNIRP and ARPANSA Limits
  2. Mantiply ED et al. (1997): Summary of measured radiofrequency electric and magnetic fields (10 kHz to 30 GHz) in the general and work environment
  3. Swerdlow AJ et al. (2012): Health Effects from Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields - RCE 20