Neurophysiology. Pathological process by which nerve cells are damaged and killed by high levels of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. The receptors for glutamate (e.g., NMDA receptors) are overactivated leading to sustained elevations of intracellular calcium levels. Excitotoxicity occurs after brain injury, stroke and in neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer disease.
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