Study type: Medical/biological study (experimental study)

Microwave effects on the blood-forming system with particular reference to the lymphocyte med./bio.

Published in: Ann N Y Acad Sci 1975; 247: 232-242

Aim of study (acc. to author)

To investigate the effects of a pulsed 2.95 GHz microwave exposure on the hematopoietic system and lymphocytes.

Background/further details

Es wurden zwei verschiedene Experimente durchgeführt: Das Erste mit Mäusen, die bis zu 12 Wochen befeldet wurden. Das Zweite mit Kaninchen, die für 6 Monate befeldet wurden.
(Anmerkung des Auswerters: Weiterhin sind in dieser Veröffentlichung eine Reihe von Experimenten an menschlichen Lymphozyten aufgeführt, doch auf Grund der Tatsache von unvollständig angegeben Expositionsparametern und "schwer zu wiederholenden Ergebnissen" (original Anmerkung des Autors) werden diese hier nicht weiter betrachtet.)

Endpoint

Exposure

Exposure Parameters
Exposure 1: 2.95 GHz
Modulation type: pulsed
Exposure duration: 2 h/day, 6 days/week, for 6 or 12 weeks
Exposure 2: 2.95 GHz
Modulation type: pulsed
Exposure duration: 2 h/day, 6 days/week, for 6 months

Exposure 1

Main characteristics
Frequency 2.95 GHz
Type
Exposure duration 2 h/day, 6 days/week, for 6 or 12 weeks
Additional info far field
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Pulse width 1 µs
Packets per second 1,200
Exposure setup
Exposure source
  • not specified
Chamber anechoic chamber, plexiglas cages of 5 x 5 seperate compartments
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
power density 5 W/m² mean cf. remarks - +/- 0.2 mW/cm²

Exposure 2

Main characteristics
Frequency 2.95 GHz
Type
Exposure duration 2 h/day, 6 days/week, for 6 months
Additional info far field
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Pulse width 1 µs
Packets per second 1,200
Exposure setup
Exposure source
  • not specified
Chamber anechoic chamber, plexiglas cages of 5 x 5 seperate compartments
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
power density 5 W/m² mean cf. remarks - +/- 0.2 mW/cm²

Exposed system:

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

Investigated system:
Investigated organ system:
Time of investigation:
  • after exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

Mouse experiment:
After exposure mice were immunized with sheep red blood cells and afterwards sacrificed (on days 4, 6, 8, 12 and 20). Serum samples were collected and lymph nodes were excised to estimate hemagglutination and immune response, respectively. The number of lymphoblastoid cells and plasmocytes was significantly increased in mice exposed for 6 weeks. No differences were observed in animals exposed for 12 weeks, which may indicate an adaption to microwave exposure. Changes in agglutination are shown in a figure but were not mentioned in the text.
Rabbit experiment:
Blood samples were obtained each month to gain lymphocyte cultures. After a seven-day in vitro incubation followed by Giemsa staining the number of lymphoblastoid cells was counted. In an initial period the number of cells undergoing a lymphoblastoid transformation increased and than the values returned to basline.

Study character:

Study funded by

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