Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Falugi C et al. | 1987 | - | - | 5 kHz | - | 2 to 4 hrs | signals/pulses |
Dawson BV et al. | 1998 | - | - | 10.8 kHz | - | continuous 20 to 23.5 h/d, for 45 d to 58 d before mating | magnetic field, intermediate frequency |
Chiang H et al. | 1995 | - | - | 15.6 kHz | - | 4 h/day from 6th to 17th day of gestation | magnetic field, signals/pulses, intermediate frequency |
Stuchly MA et al. | 1988 | - | - | 17.857 kHz | - | 7 h/day for 15 days before and 22 days after conception | magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses, intermediate frequency |
Frölen H et al. | 1993 | animal, mouse/CBA/s, whole body | embryogenesis | 20 kHz | - | 12, 14, 18, or 19 days | magnetic field, signals/pulses, intermediate frequency |
Svedenstal BM et al. | 1995 | animal, mouse/CBA/s, whole body | fetal resorption | 20 kHz | - | continuous for 5 1/2 or 7 days | magnetic field, intermediate frequency |
Wiley MJ et al. | 1992 | - | - | 20 kHz | - | - | magnetic field, PC/TV monitor, intermediate frequency |
Huuskonen H et al. | 1998 | - | - | 20 kHz | - | continuous from gestation day 0 to 18. | magnetic field, PC/TV monitor, intermediate frequency |
Kim SH et al. | 2004 | - | - | 20 kHz | - | repeated daily exposure, 8 h/d, from Day 2.5 to 15.5 of gestation. | magnetic field, intermediate frequency |
Lee HJ et al. | 2009 | animal, mouse/ICR, whole body | mortality and morphological abnormalities, uterine contents | 20 kHz | - | 8 h/day from day 2.5 to day 15.5 of gestation | magnetic field, intermediate frequency, occupational |
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