Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on magnetic power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

2042 studies in total
  1. 763 studies
  2. 632 studies
  3. 511 studies
  4. 413 studies
  5. 328 studies
  6. 207 studies

Cell functions

328 studies in total
  1. 122 studies
  2. 101 studies
  3. 84 studies
  4. 67 studies

Enzyme activity 84 studies in total

Authors Year Exposed system Parameters Magnetic flux density/field strength
Drozd R et al. 2018 bacterium, <i>Komagataeibacter xylinus</i> 50/60 Hz, magnetic field -
Kwon SJ et al. 2018 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure -
Wasak A et al. 2019 - 50/60 Hz, magnetic field -
Yokoi I et al. 2000 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley static magnetic field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Lupi D et al. 2020 - electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure -
Mohammadi B et al. 2021 animal, rat/Wistar mobile communications, mobile phone, 50/60 Hz, magnetic field -
Sieron-Stoltny K et al. 2017 animal, rat/ Wistar, whole body mobile communications, mobile phone, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency -
Sołek P et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, HeLa cells (human adenocarcinoma cell line) and DU 145 cells (human prostate cancer cell line) magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure -
Tekutskaya EE et al. 2022 animal, rat/Wistar 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, low frequency -
Amirahmadi F et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, rat bone marrow-derived stem cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure -
Asghar T et al. 2016 plant, soy bean seeds and seedlings magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF -
Shabrangi A et al. 2011 plant, maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz -
Mroczek-Zdyrska M et al. 2017 plant, narrow-leafed lupin (<i>Lupinus angustifolius</i> L.) (seeds) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, low frequency -
Mahmood M et al. 2013 plant, oil palm (<i>Elaeis guineensis</i> Jacq.) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electric field -
Cecerska-Heryć E et al. 2024 human plasma samples magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency -
Dutta SK et al. 1994 bacterium, <i>Escherichia coli</i> (containing a plasmid coding for mammalian neuron-specific enolase) RF field, AM amplitude modulation, CW continuous wave, electric field, magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 65–97 nT
Nazar AS et al. 1994 bacterium, <i>Escherichia coli</i> magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 138.48 nT
Dacha M et al. 1993 intact cell/cell culture, human erythrocytes electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.2 µT–0.2 mT
Mullins JM et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, L929 cells (murine fibroblast cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1–20 µT
Litovitz TA et al. 1991 intact cell/cell culture, L929 cells (murine fibroblast cells) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 1–100 µT
Dees C et al. 1996 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 and T-47D cell lines (human breast cancer cell lines) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1.2–900 µT
Mullins JM et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, L929 cells (murine fibroblast cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2.5–10 µT
Martin AH et al. 1995 animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 4 µT
Farrell JM et al. 1997 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 4 µT
Moses GC et al. 1993 animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn (eggs), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 4 µT
Moses GC et al. 1992 animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn (eggs), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 4 µT
Lin H et al. 2001 intact cell/cell culture, HeLa cell line (human adenocarcinoma cell line), transfected magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 8 µT
Azadniv M et al. 1995 intact cell/cell culture, L929 cells (murine fibroblast cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 10 µT
Blank M et al. 1998 isolated bio./chem. substance, organelle/cell part, mitochondria containing the cytochrome oxidase (enzyme) and cytochrome C (substrate) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 10 µT
Cress LW et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, L929 cells (murine fibroblast cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, shielding/field deprivation 10 µT
Litovitz TA et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, L929 cells (murine fibroblast cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 10 µT
Litovitz TA et al. 1994 intact cell/cell culture, L929 cells (murine fibroblast cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line 10–100 µT
Chacon L 2000 isolated organ, pineal gland, rat/Wistar magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 10–1,000 µT
Galt S et al. 1995 intact cell/cell culture, human amniotic cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 30 µT
Woods M et al. 2000 intact cell/cell culture, DT40 (chicken lymphoma B-cells) and NALM-6 cells (B cell precursor leukemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, shielding/field deprivation 46–100 µT
Mevissen M et al. 1995 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 50 µT
Nossol B et al. 1993 isolated bio./chem. substance, cytochrome c oxidase magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 50 µT
Morre DJ et al. 2008 isolated bio./chem. substance, organelle/cell part, intact cell/cell culture, soybean plasma membranes; aqueous CuCl<sub>2</sub> solution; recombinant tNOX protein, HeLa cell line (human adenocarcinoma cell line) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field 50 µT
Katsir G et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, primary chick embryo fibroblasts magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.06–0.7 mT
Rodriguez-De la Fuente AO et al. 2012 animal, mouse/BALB/c (quadriceps muscle transfected with an EMF plasmid) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 80 µT
Kristupaitis D et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, DT40 (chicken lymphoma B-cells) (wild-type, LYN-deficient, SYK-deficient, PLC-gamma2-deficient clones) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.1 mT
Valtersson U et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, CEM-CM3 (human acute lymphoblastic leukemia) cells and Jurkat cells (human lymphoblastoid T cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 100 µT
Uckun FM et al. 1995 intact cell/cell culture, NALM-6 cells (B cell precursor leukemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 100 µT
Dibirdik I et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, DT40 (chicken lymphoma B-cells) (wild-type, LYN-deficient, SYK-deficient, PLC-gamma2-deficient clones) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 100 µT
Mevissen M et al. 1999 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 100 µT
Dibirdik I et al. 2000 intact cell/cell culture, DT40 (chicken lymphoma B-cells) and NALM-6 cells (B cell precursor leukemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, shielding/field deprivation 100 µT
Wetzel BJ et al. 2001 intact cell/cell culture, Jurkat cells (clone E6-1; T-lymphocyte hybridoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100 µT
Nie K et al. 2003 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 cells (human acute myeloid leukaemia cell line), MCF-7 cells (breast cancer cell line), 3Y1 cells (rat fibroblast cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, shielding/field deprivation 100 µT
Falone S et al. 2008 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.1 mT
Kubinyi G et al. 1998 animal, mouse/CFLP (embryos and adults), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 100 µT