Study type: Medical/biological study (experimental study)

Increased sensitivity of the non-human primate eye to microwave radiation following ophthalmic drug pretreatment med./bio.

By: Kues HA, Monahan JC, D'Anna SA, McLeod DS, Lutty GA, Koslov S
Published in: Bioelectromagnetics 1992; 13 (5): 379-393
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Aim of study (acc. to author)

To examine ocular damage in monkeys following topical treatment with one of two ophthalmic drugs (timolol maleate and pilocarpine) that preceded exposure to pulsed microwaves.

Endpoint

Exposure

Exposure Parameters
Exposure 1: 2.45 GHz
Modulation type: pulsed
Exposure duration: repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day for 3 days
Exposure 2: 2.45 GHz
Modulation type: pulsed
Exposure duration: repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day for 3 days
Exposure 3: 2.45 GHz
Modulation type: pulsed
Exposure duration: repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day for 3 days
Exposure 4: 2.45 GHz
Modulation type: pulsed
Exposure duration: repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day for 3 days
Exposure 5: 2.45 GHz
Modulation type: pulsed
Exposure duration: repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day for 3 days

Exposure 1

Main characteristics
Frequency 2.45 GHz
Type
Charakteristic
  • guided field
Exposure duration repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day for 3 days
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Pulse width 10 µs
Repetition frequency 100 Hz
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Chamber Anechoic Chamber
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
power density 2 W/m² mean measured - 0.052 W/kg corresponding SAR value.

Exposure 2

Main characteristics
Frequency 2.45 GHz
Type
Charakteristic
  • guided field
Exposure duration repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day for 3 days
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Pulse width 10 µs
Repetition frequency 100 Hz
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Chamber Anechoic Chamber
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
power density 10 W/m² mean measured - 0.26 W/kg corresponding SAR value.

Exposure 3

Main characteristics
Frequency 2.45 GHz
Type
Charakteristic
  • guided field
Exposure duration repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day for 3 days
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Pulse width 10 µs
Repetition frequency 100 Hz
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Chamber Anechoic Chamber
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
power density 50 W/m² mean measured - 1.3 W/kg corresponding SAR value.

Exposure 4

Main characteristics
Frequency 2.45 GHz
Type
Charakteristic
  • guided field
Exposure duration repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day for 3 days
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Pulse width 10 µs
Repetition frequency 100 Hz
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Chamber Anechoic Chamber
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
power density 100 W/m² mean measured - 2.6 W/kg corresponding SAR value.

Exposure 5

Main characteristics
Frequency 2.45 GHz
Type
Charakteristic
  • guided field
Exposure duration repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day for 3 days
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Pulse width 10 µs
Repetition frequency 100 Hz
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Chamber Anechoic Chamber
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
power density 150 W/m² mean measured - 3.9 W/kg corresponding SAR.

Reference articles

Exposed system:

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

Investigated system:
Investigated organ system:
Time of investigation:
  • after exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

Exposure of monkeys to pulsed microwaves at power densities of 10 mW/cm² or greater can result in the production of corneal endothelial lesions and an increase in the permeability of the iris vasculature. Topical pretreatment with either of two ophthalmic drugs immediately before microwave exposure caused a quantitative increase in the degree of microwave-induced vascular leakage of fluorescein and horseradish peroxidase, and an increase in the number of corneal endothelial lesions. The data show that pretreatment with either drug will lower the power density necessary to produce the measured ocular changes.

Study character:

Study funded by

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