EMF-Portal | Lack of promoting effects of the electromagnetic near-field used for cellular phones (929.2 MHz) on rat liver carcinogenesis in a medium-term liver bioassay

Lack of promoting effects of the electromagnetic near-field used for cellular phones (929.2 MHz) on rat liver carcinogenesis in a medium-term liver bioassay med./bio.

By: Imaida K, Taki M, Yamaguchi T, Ito T, Watanabe S, Wake K, Aimoto A, Kamimura Y, Ito N, Shirai T

Published in: Carcinogenesis 1998; 19 (2): 311-314

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Aim of study (acc. to author)

Endpoint

Exposure

929.2 MHz

TDMA
mobile communications
PDC

Exposure	Parameters
Exposure 1: 929.2 MHz Modulation type: pulsed Exposure duration: repeated daily exposure, 90 min/day, 5 days a week, over 6 weeks	power: 0.52 W (antenna input) SAR: 0.8 W/kg average over mass (whole body) (0.58-0.80 W/kg) SAR: 2 W/kg maximum (partial body) (2.0-1.7 W/kg in the liver) SAR: 72 W/kg maximum (whole body) (7.2-6.6 W/kg)

Exposure 1

Main characteristics

Frequency	929.2 MHz
Type	electromagnetic field
Charakteristic	near field
Exposure duration	repeated daily exposure, 90 min/day, 5 days a week, over 6 weeks

Modulation

Modulation type	pulsed
Duty cycle	33 %
Repetition frequency	50 Hz
Additional info	PDC modulation (Japanese Personal Digital Cellular standard)

Exposure setup

Exposure source	monopole quarter wavelength
Distance between exposed object and exposure source	1 cm
Chamber	A total of 12 exposure boxes with the antenna located at the centre of the bottom were placed in separate rooms.
Setup	Animals were held individually in narrow plastic cylinders of 55 mm or 70 mm diameter with ventilation holes. Two cylinders were placed on either side of the antenna.
Additional info	Animals were given a single injection of diethylnitrosamine two weeks before exposure to initiate hepatocarcinogenesis. Animals for sham exposure were treated the same way as animals in the exposure group but without EMF. Animals in the control group were not placed in the cylinders or exposure boxes.

Parameters

Measurand	Value	Type	Method	Mass	Remarks
power	0.52 W	-	-	-	antenna input
SAR	0.8 W/kg	average over mass	-	whole body	0.58-0.80 W/kg
SAR	2 W/kg	maximum	-	partial body	2.0-1.7 W/kg in the liver
SAR	72 W/kg	maximum	cf. remarks	whole body	7.2-6.6 W/kg

Additional parameter details

The SAR values indicated are temporal averages. Temporal peak SARs were three times these values due to the duty factor of the signal.

Exposed system:

animal
rat/Fischer 344
whole body

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

Investigated system:

isolated bio./chem. substance
tissue slices
isolated organ
investigation on living organism

Investigated organ system:

Time of investigation:

during exposure
after exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

The study does not show any significant effect on rat liver carcinogenesis under the experimental present conditions.

Study character:

medical/biological study
experimental study
full/main study

Study funded by

Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB), Japan

Guler G et al. (2012): The effect of radiofrequency radiation on DNA and lipid damage in female and male infant rabbits

Shirai T et al. (2007): Lack of promoting effects of chronic exposure to 1.95-GHz W-CDMA signals for IMT-2000 cellular system on development of N-ethylnitrosourea-induced central nervous system tumors in F344 rats

Tillmann T et al. (2007): Carcinogenicity study of GSM and DCS wireless communication signals in B6C3F1 mice

Imaida K et al. (1998): The 1.5 GHz electromagnetic near-field used for cellular phones does not promote rat liver carcinogenesis in a medium-term liver bioassay