Study type: Medical/biological study (experimental study)

Electro-magnetic fields in the home environment (color TV, computer monitor, microwave oven, cellular phone, etc) as potential contributing factors for the induction of oncogene c-fos Ab1, oncogen c-fos Ab2, integrin alpha5 beta1 and development of cancer, as well as effects of microwave on amino acid composition of food and living human brain med./bio.

Published in: Acupunct Electrother Res 1993; 18 (1): 33-73

Aim of study (acc. to author)

1) To evaluate the effects of electromagnetic fields with different frequency components coming from computers, TV's, microwave ovens or hand-held cellular phones on the entry area at the front of the chest of different persons, as well as the exit area at the corresponding part of the back, or vice-versa (see "background/further details").
2) To compare the effects of microwave cooking and gas burner cooking of amino acid composition of foods.
3) To study the effects of microwaves on amino acids on the exposed and non-exposed part of the body.
4) To investigate characteristic findings of electromagnetic field induced diseases and clinical cases where intractable pain or malignant tumors appear in the cross-sectional area exposed to 2 or more electromagnetic fields coming from band-like areas under the patient's bed or coming through the wall at home.

Background/further details

Each person was seated on a chair and the center of the chest was exposed to electromagnetic fields through a square window and/or a rectangular band-shape window made on the heavy-duty aluminium foil shield.

Endpoint

Exposure

Exposure Parameters
Exposure 1: 34.9 kHz
Exposure duration: continuous for 3 min
Exposure 2: 16 kHz
Exposure duration: continuous for 3 min
Exposure 3: 2.45 GHz
Modulation type: pulsed
Exposure duration: continuous for 3 min
Exposure 4: 824.03–848.098 MHz
Modulation type: pulsed
Exposure duration: continuous for 3 min

Exposure 1

Main characteristics
Frequency 34.9 kHz
Type
Exposure duration continuous for 3 min
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Distance between exposed object and exposure source 0.3 m
Setup test persons wore a shield of heavy-duty aluminium foil with a window a) of 3.5 X 3.5 cm or b) 2 cm x 15 cm which was grounded or not grounded
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
magnetic flux density 70 nT maximum cf. remarks - 40-70 nT at 5-2000 Hz, 0.5 m
electric field strength 100 V/m maximum cf. remarks - 50-100 V/m at 5-2000 Hz, 0.5 m
magnetic flux density 45 nT maximum cf. remarks - 21-45 nT at 2-400 kHz, 0.5 m
electric field strength 10 V/m maximum cf. remarks - 2-10 V/m at 2-400 kHz, 0.5 m

Exposure 2

Main characteristics
Frequency 16 kHz
Type
Exposure duration continuous for 3 min
Exposure setup
Exposure source
  • colour TV set, 13"-21"
Distance between exposed object and exposure source 1 m
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
electric field strength 10 V/m - cf. remarks - at 60 Hz
electric field strength 1 V/m - cf. remarks - at 10-60 kHz
electric field strength 0.3 V/m maximum cf. remarks - 0.1-0.3 V/m at 2-400 kHz, 2 m
magnetic flux density 0.4 nT - cf. remarks - at 2-400 kHz, 2 m
magnetic flux density 80 nT maximum cf. remarks - 30-80 nT at 5-2000 Hz, 2 m
electric field strength 5 V/m maximum cf. remarks - 1.5-5 V/m at 5-2000 Hz, 2 m

Exposure 3

Main characteristics
Frequency 2.45 GHz
Type
Exposure duration continuous for 3 min
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Distance between exposed object and exposure source 0.5 m
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
power density 1 mW/cm² maximum cf. remarks - 0.2-1 mW/cm² at 1 m
power density 0.001 mW/cm² minimum cf. remarks - 0-0.01 mW/cm² at 4 m
magnetic flux density 0.4 nT maximum cf. remarks - 0.3-0.4 nT at 2-400 kHz, 1 m
magnetic flux density 210 nT maximum cf. remarks - 160-210 nT at 5-2000 Hz, 1 m
electric field strength 10 V/m maximum cf. remarks - 6.1-10 V/m at 5-2000 Hz, 1 m
electric field strength 0.1 V/m maximum cf. remarks - at 2-400 kHz, 1 m

Exposure 4

Main characteristics
Frequency 824.03–848.098 MHz
Type
Exposure duration continuous for 3 min
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Distance between exposed object and exposure source 5 cm
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
magnetic flux density 0.3 nT - cf. remarks - at 2-400 kHz, 5-10 cm
electric field strength 0.03 V/m - cf. remarks - at 2-400 kHz, 5-10 cm
electric field strength 5.9 V/m maximum cf. remarks - 5.4-5.9 V/m at 5-2000 Hz, 5-10 cm
magnetic flux density 7 nT maximum cf. remarks - 3-7 nT at 5-2000 Hz, 5-10 cm

Exposed system:

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

Investigated system:
Time of investigation:
  • before exposure
  • after exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

All the electromagnetic field sources not only induced the following various transitional abnormalities on the entry area, but also at the exit area on the back (but the effect lasted for a shorter time than at the entry point):
Monitor exposure of the body resulted in decrease in acetylcholine, appearance of circulatory disturbance with the appearance of thromboxane B2, short-lasting appearance of oncogene c-fos, no appearance of integrin α5β1.
Color television exposure resulted in decrease in acetylcholine, appearance of circulatory disturbance with the appearance of thromboxane B2, short-lasting appearance of oncogene c-fos, very short-lasting appearance of integrin α5β1.
Microwave exposure resulted in decrease in acetylcholine, appearance of circulatory disturbance with the appearance of thromboxane B2, short-lasting appearance of oncogene c-fos, very short-lasting appearance of integrin α5β1. Similar but less effect was found with some hand-held cellular phones.
When the aluminium foil was grounded, less of abnormality appeared even at the exposed part of the chest wall or head in all experiments. This means that prolonged, repeated exposure to electromagnetic fields without any protection may contribute to the possible development of cancer cells.
Therefore, if a strong electromagnetic field is coming from a band-shaped area under the bed to the back of the body for a prolonged period of time, then the front of the body will have an imprint of a similar abnormality.
When rice was cooked or milk was warmed by microwave oven, most of the L-amino acids changed to D-amino acids. Microwave exposure to the human induced similar amino acid changes. Thus the consumption of microwave-cooked food and exposure of the human body to microwaves over a long period of time may influence the nutritional state of the individual and may contribute to induction of cancer as well as Alzheimer's disease.

Study character:

Study funded by

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