To test the mutagenic potential of microwaves, two single-cell biological systems with different degrees of genomic complexity were used: 1) Salmonella typhimurium, which is used widely to test for genetic mutations caused by base-pair substitutions and frame-shift alterations. 2) Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is a primitive eukaryote having a more complex genome than the bacterium, what allows the testing of gene conversion and mitotic recombination.
| Exposure | Parameters |
|---|---|
|
Exposure 1:
2.45 GHz
Modulation type:
CW
Exposure duration:
90 min or 2 h
|
|
|
Exposure 2:
8.5–9.6 GHz
Modulation type:
pulsed
Exposure duration:
90 min or 2 h
|
|
| Frequency | 2.45 GHz |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Polarization | |
| Exposure duration | 90 min or 2 h |
| Modulation type | CW |
|---|
| Exposure source | |
|---|---|
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| power density | 1 mW/cm² | minimum | - | - | - |
| power density | 45 mW/cm² | maximum | - | - | - |
| Frequency | 8.5–9.6 GHz |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Polarization | |
| Exposure duration | 90 min or 2 h |
| Modulation type | pulsed |
|---|---|
| Duty cycle | 0.1 % |
| Repetition frequency | 1,000 Hz |
| Pulse type | rectangular |
| Exposure source | |
|---|---|
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| power density | 1 mW/cm² | minimum | - | - | - |
| power density | 45 mW/cm² | maximum | - | - | - |
The results revealed no increase in mutations or of mitotic gene conversions when cells were exposed for two hours or less. Decreased viability of cells was noted in all cultures tested after exposure at the higher intensities of radiation. However, no reliable changes in genetic events occured.
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