Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

884 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    319 studies
  2. Other
    313 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    122 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    54 studies
  5. Fertility
    49 studies
  6. Growth
    16 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Central nervous system

122 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    87 studies
  2. Low frequency
    32 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    3 studies
  4. Other
    one study

Radio frequency 87 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Aslan A et al. 2017 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body cerebellar morphology 900 MHz 0.01 W/kg 1 hour/day for 25 consecutive days mobile communications, mobile phone
Erdem Koc G et al. 2016 animal, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i>), partial body: head of mothers neuron number in hippocampus of offspring 900 MHz 2 W/kg 1 hour/day from the 1st to the 21st day of gestation mobile phone, mobile communications, RF, co-exposure
Ragbetli MC et al. 2009 animal, mouse/Swiss albino, whole body number of pyramidal cells in the Cornu Ammonis 890–915 MHz 1.2 W/kg 12 hr/day for 19 - 20 days (gestation period) + 20 days after birth (female offspring only) mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Paulraj R et al. 2012 - - 9.9 GHz 1 W/kg 2 h/day for 35 days microwaves, radar
Othman H et al. 2017 animal, rat/Wistar albino (embryo), whole body mental development and oxidative stress in brain of rat pups 2.45 GHz - 2 hours/day during gestation W-LAN/WiFi, RF, 2.45 GHz
Albert EN et al. 1981 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body density of Purkinje cells in developing rat brains 100 MHz 2–2.77 mW/g 21 h/day for 5 days microwaves, CW continuous wave, 2.45 GHz
Albert EN et al. 1981 animal, squirrel monkey (<i>Saimiri sciureus</i>), whole body density of Purkinje cells in the cerebellar uvula 2.45 GHz 3.4 mW/g 3 h/day from the thirty-fifth day of gestation + 9.5 months after birth microwaves, CW continuous wave, 2.45 GHz
Jing J et al. 2012 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body: antenna close to the ear level of neurotransmitters and oxidative stress in the brain - 0.9 W/kg 3 times per day (3 x 10, 30 or 60 min) for 20 days during gestation mobile phone, mobile communications, microwaves
Razavinasab M et al. 2016 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body electrophysiological changes of pyramidal cells, learning and memory 900 MHz 0.3–0.9 W/kg 6 h/day during gestation mobile phone, mobile communications
Haghani M et al. 2013 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body electrical activity of Purkinje cells, cerebellum-related behaviour 900 MHz 0.5–0.9 W/kg 6 h/day during whole gestation mobile phone, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave