Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

842 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    297 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Other

297 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    144 studies
  2. Low frequency
    110 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    55 studies

Radio frequency 144 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Cheever KL et al. 2001 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body metabolism in maternal animals and embryos (2-Methoxyethanol metabolism, embryonic distribution, and macromolecular adduct formation) 10 MHz 0.8 W/kg–6.6 mW/g continuous for 50 min RF field
Kerimoglu G et al. 2016 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body morphology and oxidative stress in the heart 900 MHz 0.0093 W/kg 1 h/day between postnatal days 21 and 59 mobile phone, mobile communications
Fukui Y et al. 1992 animal, mouse/ICR, whole body mouse brain development 2.45 GHz 480 mW/g 15 or 20 min on day 13 of gestation microwaves, 2.45 GHz
Tillmann T et al. 2010 animal, mouse/B6C3F1, whole body neoplasms and pre-neoplastic lesions and tumour incidences in spleen, kidneys, liver, lung, lymph nodes, and brain 1,966 MHz 0.62–5.76 W/kg continuous for 20 hr/day, 7 days/week for up to 24 months UMTS, mobile communications
Finnie JW et al. 2006 animal, mouse/BALB/c, whole body neural stress of fetal brain 900 MHz 4 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 60 min/day from day 1 to day 19 of gestation digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Lerchl A et al. 2015 animal, mouse/C3H/HeNCrl x C57Bl/6N, whole body number, size and morphology of tumors in different tissues - 0.04–2 W/kg continuous for 23.3 h per day, 7 days per week, starting <i>in utero</i> up to 72 weeks mobile phone, UMTS, mobile communications, co-exposure
Ozorak A et al. 2013 animal, rat/Wistar albino (<i>in utero</i> and young animals), whole body oxidative stress (kidney and testis) and level of trace elements (kidney) 900 MHz 0.18–1.2 W/kg 60 min/day (5 days/week) during gestation and up to 6 weeks following delivery mobile phone, mobile communications, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz
Cetin H et al. 2014 animal, rat/Wistar albino (<i>in utero</i> and young animals), whole body oxidative stress and concentration of diverse chemical elements (see methods) in brain and liver of young rats 900 MHz 0.001–1.1 W/kg 1 hour per day, starting <i>in utero</i> until the age of 4, 5, or 6 weeks mobile phone, mobile communications
Hanci H et al. 2015 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body oxidative stress and histology of spleen and thymus 900 MHz 0.025 W/kg continuous for 1 hour/day between days 13 and 21 of pregnancy mobile phone, mobile communications
Turedi S et al. 2015 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body oxidative stress and histology of the heart 900 MHz 0.025 W/kg continuous for 1 hour/day from day 13 to 21 of pregnancy mobile phone, mobile communications