Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Klug S et al. | 1997 | rat embryo culture | teratogenicity | 150 MHz | 0.2–5 W/kg | continuous for 36 h | digital mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field |
Poulletier de Gannes F et al. | 2012 | animal, rat/Wistar, whole body | teratogenic effects (prenatal and postnatal development) | 2,450 MHz | 0.08–4 W/kg | 2 h/day, 6 days/week for 18 days | digital mobile phone, mobile communications, W-LAN/WiFi |
Jensh RP | 1984 | animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body | postnatal psychophysiologic growth and development | 6 GHz | - | continuous for 21 days during Gestation | low level microwaves |
Schmidt RE et al. | 1984 | - | - | 2.45 GHz | 400 µW/g | continuous, from day 2-day18 of gestation | low level microwaves |
Lary JM et al. | 1983 | - | - | 100 MHz | 0.4 W/kg | 6 h 40 min /day - on gestation days 6 - 11 (total 40h) | low level microwaves, CW continuous wave |
Cobb BL et al. | 2000 | animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body | teratogenicity/ontogeny | 0.1–1 GHz | 45 mW/kg | repeated daily exposure for 2 min, see add. information | microwave pulses, UWB |
Jensh RP et al. | 1983 | animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body | teratogenicity | 2.45 GHz | 3.6–5.2 W/kg | 6 h/day during the whole pregnancy | microwaves |
Jensh RP | 1984 | animal, rat/Wistar albino | teratogenicity | 6 GHz | 7.28 W/kg | continuous through pregnancy (21 days) | microwaves |
Sahingöz Yildirim AG et al. | 2022 | - | - | 10.715 GHz | - | - | microwaves |
Inouye M et al. | 1982 | - | - | 2.45 GHz | 1.3 W/kg | 3 h on day 2 or day 3 of gestation | microwaves, 2.45 GHz |
Inouye M et al. | 1983 | - | - | 2.45 GHz | 1.76 W/kg | 3 h/day through 4-21 days of gestation | microwaves, 2.45 GHz |
Jensh RP et al. | 1983 | animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body | postnatal growth and psychophysiologic development/teratogenicity | 2.45 GHz | - | continuous, 6 h/day through gestation | microwaves, 2.45 GHz |
Berman E et al. | 1984 | - | - | 2.45 GHz | 16.5 mW/g | 100 min./day | microwaves, 2.45 GHz |
McRee DI et al. | 1975 | - | - | 2.45 GHz | 14 nW/g | 4h/day during the first 5 days of incubation | microwaves, 2.45 GHz |
Hamrick PE et al. | 1975 | - | - | 2.45 GHz | - | continuous, 24 h | microwaves, 2.45 GHz |
Clarke RL et al. | 1983 | - | - | 2.45 GHz | 80 W/kg | 300 s | microwaves, 2.45 GHz |
Michaelson SM et al. | 1976 | - | - | 2.45 GHz | - | 1 h | microwaves, 2.45 GHz |
Andrašková S et al. | 2022 | - | - | - | - | - | microwaves, 2.45 GHz |
Galvin MJ et al. | 1980 | - | - | 2.45 GHz | 4.03–16.02 mW/g | continuous | microwaves, CW continuous wave |
Jensh RP et al. | 1982 | animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body | growth and development of the rat fetus/teratogenicity | 915 MHz | 3.57 W/kg | 6 h/day from day 1 to day 21 of gestation | microwaves, CW continuous wave |
Chazan B et al. | 1983 | animal, mouse/Swiss, whole body | embryonal, fetal, and postnatal development | 2.45 GHz | 4–18 mW/g | 2 h/day for 4 days | microwaves, CW continuous wave |
Berman E et al. | 1978 | animal, mouse/CD-1, whole body | fetus abnormalities | 2.45 GHz | 4.05 mW/g | continuous for 100 min/day for up to 17 days | microwaves, CW continuous wave |
Berman E et al. | 1981 | animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley CD, whole body | fetus abnormalities | 2.45 GHz | 4.2 mW/g | 100 min/day for 6th to 15th day of gestation | microwaves, CW continuous wave |
Berman E et al. | 1984 | animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley CD, whole body | fetus abnormalities | 2.45 GHz | 6 mW/g | intermittent; 100 min /day, day 6-15 of gestation | microwaves, CW continuous wave |
Jensh RP et al. | 1982 | animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body | neurological and neurobehavioral development/teratogenicity | 915 MHz | - | repeated daily exposure, 6 h/day from day 1 to 21 of gestation | microwaves, CW continuous wave |
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