Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

842 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    297 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

308 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    156 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    134 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    38 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

Radio frequency 134 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Inouye M et al. 1983 - - 2.45 GHz 1.76 W/kg 3 h/day through 4-21 days of gestation microwaves, 2.45 GHz
Clarke RL et al. 1983 - - 2.45 GHz 80 W/kg 300 s microwaves, 2.45 GHz
Tyndall DA 1993 animal, mouse/C57BL/6J (embryo), whole body: <i>in utero</i> - - - 36 min/day from day 7 to day 14 of gestation static magnetic field, MRI
Galvin MJ et al. 1983 - - 2.45 GHz 103.4 µW/g 3h/day from day 4- day 20 of pregnancy microwaves, CW continuous wave, 2.45 GHz
Smialowicz RJ et al. 1981 - - 100 MHz 2.8 W/kg 4 h/day RF field, CW continuous wave
McRee DI et al. 1975 - - 2.45 GHz 14 nW/g 4h/day during the first 5 days of incubation microwaves, 2.45 GHz
Dietzel F 1975 - - 27.12 MHz - 5 min UHF fields, microwaves
Magras IN et al. 1997 animal, mouse/BALB/c/f, whole body teratogenicity 88.5–950 MHz 1.936 µW/g 5 pregnancies mobile communications, RF field, Radio/TV transmitter, TV broadcast (VHF/UHF), FM broadcast (UKW), AM radio transmitters, SW broadcast (KW)
Lary JM et al. 1983 - - 100 MHz 0.4 W/kg 6 h 40 min /day - on gestation days 6 - 11 (total 40h) low level microwaves, CW continuous wave
Jensh RP et al. 1983 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body teratogenicity 2.45 GHz 3.6–5.2 W/kg 6 h/day during the whole pregnancy microwaves