Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on magnetic power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

2042 studies in total
  1. 763 studies
  2. 632 studies
  3. 511 studies
  4. 413 studies
  5. 328 studies
  6. 207 studies

Other

413 studies in total
  1. 250 studies
  2. 99 studies
  3. 82 studies
  4. 6 studies

Effects on invertebrates 99 studies in total

Authors Year Exposed system Parameters Magnetic flux density/field strength
Becker G 1976 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Zagirnyak m et al. 2018 - 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, shielding/field deprivation -
Wyszkowska J et al. 2018 - 50/60 Hz, magnetic field -
Zhang M et al. 2020 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency -
Lupi D et al. 2020 - electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure -
Chen W et al. 2023 <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Otaka Y et al. 1992 animal, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 500 µT–5 mT
Ishay JS et al. 2007 animal, oriental worker hornet <i>Vespa orientalis</i>, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 5–7 µT
Acosta-Avalos D et al. 2015 fire ant (<i>Solenopsis</i> sp.) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, static magnetic field, co-exposure -
Carmody S et al. 2000 intact cell/cell culture, H9c2 cells (myoblast from embryonal rat myocard), invertebrate, eggs from <i>Sciara coprophila</i> magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 8 µT
Miyakawa T et al. 2001 invertebrate, <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>/PC72 (transgenic, with reporter gene construct encoding beta-galactosidase under control of <i>hsp16</i> heat shock promotor) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.5 T
Kikuchi T et al. 1998 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.5–5 mT
Tipping DR et al. 1999 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 8 µT
Gonet B et al. 2009 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Portelli LA et al. 2012 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> magnetic field, static magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, DC, co-exposure, shielding/field deprivation 0.201–42.5 µT
Ramirez E et al. 1983 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (embryo and adults), whole body magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1–4.5 mT
Michel A et al. 1999 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (embryo), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, source not given 100 µT
Graham JH et al. 2000 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (from egg to adult) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1.5–80.5 µT
Koana T et al. 2001 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (larvae) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 20 mT
Panagopoulos DJ et al. 2003 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R, whole body GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave, electric field, magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.04 µT–7 mT
Panagopoulos DJ et al. 2013 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.1–2.1 mT
Kawasaki H et al. 2023 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/wild type (Oregon R), cryptochrome mutants (<i>cry<sup>b</sup></i>) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency -
Zhang ZY et al. 2016 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/wildtype (Canton-S) and mutant (w1118) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure -
Zmejkoski D et al. 2017 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila subobscura</i> (larvae and 1-day-old adults), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.5 mT
Dimitrijevic D et al. 2014 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila subobscura</i> (larvae and just eclosed adults) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.5 mT
Dimitrijević D et al. 2013 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila subobscura</i> (larvae and just eclosed adults), whole body 50/60 Hz, magnetic field 0.5 mT
Kolodziejczyk L et al. 2016 invertebrate, <i>Fasciola hepatica</i> eggs (common liver fluke) and <i>Galba truncatula</i> (a snail), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Kolodziejczyk L et al. 2010 invertebrate, <i>Fasciola hepatica</i> eggs (common liver fluke) and <i>Lymnaea truncatula</i> (a snail) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Taormina B et al. 2019 invertebrate, European lobster (<i>Homarus gammarus</i>), whole body magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC, underground cable 225 µT
Shepherd S et al. 2019 invertebrate, Honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 100–1,000 µT
Todorović D et al. 2019 invertebrate, Nymphs of orange-spotted cockroach (<i>Blaptica dubia</i>), whole body magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 10–110 mT
Stankevičiūtė M et al. 2019 invertebrate, animal, rainbow trout eggs/larvae (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>), Baltic clam (<i>Limecola balthica</i>) and common ragworm (<i>Hediste diversicolor</i>), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Prolic Z et al. 2003 invertebrate, beetle (<i>Morimus funereus</i>) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Valadez-Lira JA et al. 2017 invertebrate, cabbage looper (<i>Trichoplusia ni</i>) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Jakubowska-Lehrmann M et al. 2022 invertebrate, cockle (<i>Cerastoderma glaucum</i>) magnetic field, static magnetic field, underground cable, 50/60 Hz -
Maliszewska J et al. 2018 invertebrate, cockroach (<i>Periplaneta americana</i>), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 7 mT
Ryu JM et al. 2009 invertebrate, common cutworm larvae (<i>Spodoptera litura</i>) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Chae KS 2008 invertebrate, common cutworm larvae (<i>Spodoptera litura</i>), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.2 mT
Jakubowska M et al. 2019 invertebrate, common ragworm (<i>Hediste diversicolor</i>), whole body 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, underground cable 1 mT
Wyszkowska J et al. 2023 invertebrate, cricket (<i>Gryllus bimaculatus</i>) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Shepherd S et al. 2021 invertebrate, desert locust (<i>Schistocerca gregaria</i>) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency 10–7,000 µT
Wyszkowska J et al. 2016 invertebrate, desert locust (<i>Schistocerca gregaria</i>), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line 1–7 mT
Todorovic D et al. 2012 invertebrate, fertilized eggs of <i>Baculum extradentatum</i> (Annam walking stick) magnetic field, static magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, DC 6–320 mT
Walters E et al. 1987 invertebrate, fruit fly (<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Mirabolghasemi G et al. 2002 invertebrate, fruit fly (<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>) (embryos and larvae) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 11 mT
Li SS et al. 2013 invertebrate, fruit fly (<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>), whole body 50/60 Hz, magnetic field 3.03 mT
Ilijin L et al. 2011 invertebrate, gypsi moth (<i>Lymantria dispar dispar</i>), whole body: caterpillar magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2–235 mT
Ilijin L et al. 2011 invertebrate, gypsi moth (<i>Lymantria dispar</i>) (4th instar caterpillars), whole body magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2–235 mT
Goodman R et al. 2009 invertebrate, head and tail portions of planarian/<i>Dugesia dorotocethala</i> magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 8–9.5 µT
Piechowicz B et al. 2020 invertebrate, honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera carnica</i>) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF 1.6 mT