Medical/biological study (experimental study)

Non-thermal effects of 500MHz - 900MHz microwave radiation on enzyme kinetics med./bio.

By: Pirogova E, Vojisavljevic V, Cosic I

Published in: 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Vancouver, BC, Canada. IEEE, 2008: 1052-1055; ISBN 978-1-4244-1814-5

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Aim of study (acc. to author)

To study the effects of low level microwave exposures ranging from 500 MHz to 900 MHz on L-lactate dehydrogenase enzyme activity.

Endpoint

enzyme activity

Exposure

- microwaves

Exposure	Parameters
Exposure 1: 500 MHz Exposure duration: continuous for 5 min	power: 8.974288 mW electric field strength: 2.01 mV/m mean
Exposure 2: 600 MHz Exposure duration: continuous for 5 min	power: 8.87156 mW electric field strength: 2.24 mV/m mean
Exposure 3: 700 MHz Exposure duration: continuous for 5 min	power: 8.810489 mW electric field strength: 2.53 mV/m mean
Exposure 4: 750 MHz Exposure duration: continuous for 5 min	power: 8.830799 mW electric field strength: 2.73 mV/m mean
Exposure 5: 800 MHz Exposure duration: continuous for 5 min	power: 8.87156 mW electric field strength: 3.29 mV/m mean
Exposure 6: 900 MHz Exposure duration: continuous for 5 min	power: 8.830799 mW electric field strength: 4.21 mV/m mean

Exposure 1

Main characteristics

Frequency	500 MHz
Type	electromagnetic field
Exposure duration	continuous for 5 min

Exposure setup

Exposure source	GTEM cell

Parameters

Measurand	Value	Type	Method	Mass	Remarks
power	8.974288 mW	-	calibration	-	-
electric field strength	2.01 mV/m	mean	calculated	-	-

Exposure 2

Main characteristics

Frequency	600 MHz
Type	electromagnetic field
Exposure duration	continuous for 5 min

Exposure setup

Exposure source	same setup as exposure 1

Parameters

Measurand	Value	Type	Method	Mass	Remarks
power	8.87156 mW	-	calibration	-	-
electric field strength	2.24 mV/m	mean	calculated	-	-

Exposure 3

Main characteristics

Frequency	700 MHz
Type	electromagnetic field
Exposure duration	continuous for 5 min

Exposure setup

Exposure source	same setup as exposure 1

Parameters

Measurand	Value	Type	Method	Mass	Remarks
power	8.810489 mW	-	calibration	-	-
electric field strength	2.53 mV/m	mean	calculated	-	-

Exposure 4

Main characteristics

Frequency	750 MHz
Type	electromagnetic field
Exposure duration	continuous for 5 min

Exposure setup

Exposure source	same setup as exposure 1

Parameters

Measurand	Value	Type	Method	Mass	Remarks
power	8.830799 mW	-	calibration	-	-
electric field strength	2.73 mV/m	mean	calculated	-	-

Exposure 5

Main characteristics

Frequency	800 MHz
Type	electromagnetic field
Exposure duration	continuous for 5 min

Exposure setup

Exposure source	same setup as exposure 1

Parameters

Measurand	Value	Type	Method	Mass	Remarks
power	8.87156 mW	-	calibration	-	-
electric field strength	3.29 mV/m	mean	calculated	-	-

Exposure 6

Main characteristics

Frequency	900 MHz
Type	electromagnetic field
Exposure duration	continuous for 5 min

Exposure setup

Exposure source	same setup as exposure 1

Parameters

Measurand	Value	Type	Method	Mass	Remarks
power	8.830799 mW	-	calibration	-	-
electric field strength	4.21 mV/m	mean	calculated	-	-

Exposed system:

isolated bio./chem. substance
aqueous enzyme solution (LDH)

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

enzyme activity (L-lactate dehydrogenase; optical density/spectrophotometry)

Investigated system:

aqueous enzyme solution (LDH) + reactants NADH and pyruvate

Time of investigation:

after exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

The data revealed the increased enzyme activity of the L-lactate dehydrogenase upon microwave exposure at the two particular frequencies 500 MHz and 900 MHz. The opposite effect was found with the microwave frequencies of 650 MHz, 700 MHz and 750 MHz (LDH enzyme activity was decreased).
The results suggest that this specific biological process can be modulated by the defined frequencies of microwave exposure. This could benefit the development of new biomaterials, non-invasive techniques and advanced technologies.

Study character:

medical/biological study
experimental study
full/main study

Study funded by

Australian Centre for Radiofrequency Bioeffects

Sefidbakht Y et al. (2013): Effects of 940 MHz EMF on Luciferase solution: structure, function, and dielectric studies
Vojisavljevic V et al. (2011): Low intensity microwave radiation as modulator of the L-lactate dehydrogenase activity
Fortune JA et al. (2010): Radio frequency radiation causes no nonthermal damage in enzymes and living cells
Vojisavljevic V et al. (2010): Review of studies on modulating enzyme activity by low intensity electromagnetic radiation
Homenko A et al. (2009): Effects of 100 GHz radiation on alkaline phosphatase activity and antigen-antibody interaction
George DF et al. (2008): Non-Thermal effects in the microwave induced unfolding of proteins observed by chaperone binding
Copty AB et al. (2006): Evidence for a specific microwave radiation effect on the green fluorescent protein
Weissenborn R et al. (2005): Non-thermal microwave effects on protein dynamics? An X-ray diffraction study on tetragonal lysozyme crystals
La Cara F et al. (1999): Different effects of microwave energy and conventional heat on the activity of a thermophilic beta-galactosidase from Bacillus acidocaldarius
Porcelli M et al. (1997): Non-thermal effects of microwaves on proteins: thermophilic enzymes as model system

Non-thermal effects of 500MHz - 900MHz microwave radiation on enzyme kinetics med./bio.

Aim of study (acc. to author)

Endpoint

Exposure

Exposure 1

Main characteristics

Exposure setup

Parameters

Exposure 2

Main characteristics

Exposure setup

Parameters

Exposure 3

Main characteristics

Exposure setup

Parameters

Exposure 4

Main characteristics

Exposure setup

Parameters

Exposure 5

Main characteristics

Exposure setup

Parameters

Exposure 6

Main characteristics

Exposure setup

Parameters

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

Study funded by

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