The effects of exposure of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from fat tissue to a 50 Hz magnetic field on the differentiation into fat cells should be investigated.
The study was conducted to investigate the influence of magnetic fields on semicircular lipoatrophy, a medical condition, which is characterized by semicircular dimples, mainly at the thighs.
Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from fat tissue of two healthy donors and cells were cultivated for 5 days. Afterwards, cells received differentiation medium to induce differentiation into fat cells and were divided into the following groups: 1) cultivation for 2 weeks and subsequent exposure to the magnetic field for 42 hours, 2) direct exposure to the magnetic field for 42 hours, 3) direct exposure to the magnetic field for 42.5 hours. For each group a separate sham exposure was conducted.
| Exposure | Parameters |
|---|---|
|
Exposure 1:
50 Hz
Exposure duration:
intermittent (3 h on/3 h off) for 42 hours
|
|
|
Exposure 2:
50 Hz
Exposure duration:
intermittent (3 h on/3 h off) for 42.5 hours
|
|
| Frequency | 50 Hz |
|---|---|
| Waveform | |
| Polarization | |
| Exposure duration | intermittent (3 h on/3 h off) for 42 hours |
| Exposure source | |
|---|---|
| Chamber | cell culture dishes or microplates wit 24 wells in magnetically shielded chamber made of co-netic alloy in CO2 incubator |
| Setup | two 1000-turn, 20-cm diameter coils made of enamelled copper wire, aligned coaxially 10 cm apart and oriented to produce vertically polarized MF inside the incubator with a 5% CO2, 37°C and 90% humidity atmosphere |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| magnetic flux density | 100 µT | - | measured | - | ± 0.1 µT in region of cells |
| Frequency | 50 Hz |
|---|---|
| Waveform | |
| Polarization | |
| Exposure duration | intermittent (3 h on/3 h off) for 42.5 hours |
| Exposure source |
|
|---|---|
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| magnetic flux density | 100 µT | - | measured | - | ± 0.1 µT in region of cells |
Cells exposed to the magnetic field from the beginning of differentiation (group 2) showed significantly less lipid accumulations than the respective sham exposure group. A later exposure (group 1) did not show significant differences in the amount of lipids compared to the sham exposure.
Both, immunofluorescence assay and Western blot, showed a significantly decreased protein expression of PPARγ and a significantly increased protein expression of phosphorylated ERK 1/2 and Sox9.
The authors conclude that exposure of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from fat tissue to a 50 Hz magnetic field could impair the differentiation into fat cells with participation of the PPARγ/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. This could be an indication for the etiology of semicircular lipoatrophy.
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