To study the effects of radiofrequency fields modulated in amplitude at an extremely low frequency on the transcription of the calcium-modulated ETS1 oncogene in hemopoietic and testicular cell types (exposure conditions were selected to interfere with calcium ion flow).
ETS1 is a member of a family of transcription factors involved in cell differentiation, tumorigenesis, and apoptosis.
| Exposure | Parameters |
|---|---|
|
Exposure 1:
50 MHz
Modulation type:
AM
Exposure duration:
from 30 min to 24 h
|
|
| Frequency | 50 MHz |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Exposure duration | from 30 min to 24 h |
| Modulation type | AM |
|---|---|
| Modulation frequency | 16 Hz |
| Modulation depth | 80 % |
| Exposure source | |
|---|---|
| Chamber | incubator |
| Setup | T5 flasks placed on the septum in one of the TEM cells |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| magnetic flux density | 46 µT | - | measured | - | static MF at 60° inclination |
| magnetic flux density | 200 nT | - | measured | - | MF parallel to the ground |
| electric field strength | 60 V/m | - | measured | - | perpendicular to the earth`s MF |
An overexpression of the ETS1 mRNA in Jurkat T-lymphoblastoid and TM3 cell lines was observed. This effect was found only in the presence of the 16 Hz modulation, corresponding to the resonance frequency for calcium ion with a direct current magnetic field of 45.7 µT. The authors have also identified a putative candidate gene repressed after electromagnetic field exposure.
In conclusion, the experimental approach, based on transcriptional analysis, represents a reliable method for identification of electromagnetic field biological effects and ETS1 seems to be a specific gene target of electromagnetic field action in different cell types.
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