Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

884 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    319 studies
  2. Other
    313 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    122 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    54 studies
  5. Fertility
    49 studies
  6. Growth
    16 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Other

313 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    151 studies
  2. Low frequency
    117 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    59 studies

Radio frequency 151 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
d'Ambrosio G et al. 1977 invertebrate, mealworm beetle larva and pupa (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>) - 0 Hz–9.55 GHz - - microwaves, static magnetic field, static electric field
Seewooruttun C et al. 2025 animal, rat/Wistar - 900 MHz–3.5 GHz - - mobile communications, 5G, GSM
Abdel Rahman GAN et al. 2025 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley albino - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Adey WR et al. 1999 animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body, partial body: head CNS tumors 836.55 MHz 1–1.4 W/kg continuous for about 25 days, see add. information NADC, TDMA, mobile communications, microwaves
Adey WR et al. 2000 animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body, partial body: head CNS tumors 836.55 MHz 0.27–1.2 W/kg continuous for about 25 days, see add. information mobile communications, mobile phone, microwaves
Sekeroglu V et al. 2012 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body DNA damage (chromosome aberration, micronucleus test), cytotoxicity 1,800 MHz 0.37–0.49 W/kg continuous for two hours/day for 45 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Atli Sekeroglu Z et al. 2013 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body DNA damage, cytotoxicity 900 MHz 0.37–0.76 W/kg continuous for 2 h/day for 45 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF, CW continuous wave
Ozgur E et al. 2013 animal, rabbit/New Zealand, whole body: prenatal and/or postnatal blood parameters, lipid peroxidation 1,800 MHz - 15 min/day for 7 days in pregnant animals (between 15th and 22nd day of gestation), for 7 days in female infants and for 14 days in male infants mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Finnie JW et al. 2006 animal, mouse/BALB/c, whole body blood-brain barrier permeability 900 MHz 4 W/kg repeated daily exposure for 60 min/day from day 1 to day 19 of gestation GSM, mobile communications
Finnie JW et al. 2006 animal, mouse/BALB/c, whole body blood-brain barrier permeability 900 MHz 4 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 60 min/day, for 7 days digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications