To examine the effects of 50 Hz magnetic fields on calcium ion signaling in the hippocampus of mice as well as the potential protective effect of procyanidins from lotus.
Procyanidins are phytochemicals, potentially having an anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effect and were extracted from lotus seedpod.
Male mice were divided into five groups (n=10 per group): 1) sham exposure + saline solution, 2) magnetic field exposure + saline solution, 3) magnetic field exposure + 30 mg procyanidins per kg bodyweight, 4) magnetic field exposure + 60 mg procyanidins per kg bodyweight and 5) magnetic field exposure + 90 mg procyanidins per kg bodyweight. Procyanidin solution and saline solution were administered orally and daily starting 15 days prior to magnetic field or sham exposure and continued during the four weeks of magnetic/sham exposure.
| Exposure | Parameters |
|---|---|
|
Exposure 1:
50 Hz
Exposure duration:
4 hours/day for 28 consecutive days
|
|
| Frequency | 50 Hz |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Exposure duration | 4 hours/day for 28 consecutive days |
| Exposure source | |
|---|---|
| Chamber | mice were exposed in a well ventilated Perspex box (14 cm x 10 cm x 12 cm (length, width, height)); box was placed in the middle of the coils |
| Setup | a pair of Helmholtz coils was formed with 1.0 mm insulated wire (32 cm internal diameter, 36 cm external diameter, 3.5 cm width, 500 turns per coil); field was generated in a horizontal plane; coils were connected in parallel and fixed separately on the wall of a Perspex box that was filled with circulating water to cool the coils (maximum temperature with current was kept at 20 ± 2°C); magnetic field strength could be altered via voltage adjusting; magnetic field-generating device was placed in a temperature-controlled room (23 ± 2°C); there were no significant noise or vibration that could affect the mice |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| Additional info | AC background magnetic field ~ 30 µT |
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| magnetic flux density | 8 mT | - | measured | - | ± 0.09 mT |
Magnetic field exposed mice (group 2) showed significantly higher levels of PP2B, G protein, PKC beta II, PKA RIIb, and PKA C alpha compared to sham exposed mice (group 1), while the levels of BDNF, CaMK, and PKC alpha were significantly decreased. An administration of procyanidins (groups 3, 4, 5) resulted in an attenuation of the exposure related effects, often resulting in a non-significant difference between group 5 (exposure + 90 mg procyanidins per kg bodyweight) and the sham exposure (group 1).
Remark EMF-Portal: The mentioned Ca2+ increase in the abstract is taken from another publication Duan et al., 2014).
The authors suggest that exposure of mice to 50 Hz magnetic fields could influence Ca2+ signal pathways in the brain and that procyanidins extracted from lotus seedpods could attenuate the exposure induced effects.
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