Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

843 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    298 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

308 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    156 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    134 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    38 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

Low frequency 156 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Severini M et al. 2010 animal, spawn and tadpoles of <i>Xenopus laevis</i>, whole body tadpole development and teratogenic effects 50 Hz - continuous for 22 days magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Lahijani MS et al. 2011 animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn (eggs), whole body histopathology and apoptosis processes in chicken embryo brains, abnormalities 50 Hz - continuous for 24 h before incubation magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Bayat PD et al. 2011 animal, mouse/NMRI, whole body embryogenesis (spleen development) 50 Hz - continuous for 10 h/day on 5 days magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Borhani N et al. 2011 animal, mouse/NMRI, whole body cell death (DNA fragmentation) in blastocysts, fertility of female mice 50 Hz - continuous for 4 h/day, 6 days/week for 2 weeks magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Lahijani MS et al. 2013 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body effects on the spleen 50 Hz - continuous for 24 hours magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Costa EV et al. 2013 animal, Japanese quail (<i>Coturnix japonica</i>), whole body: embryo <i>in ovo</i> development of blood vessels in the yolk sac 60 Hz - intermittent for 3, 6, 9, 12 or 24 h/day for 2 days (see add. information) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Shams Lahijani M et al. 2013 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body embryonic heart development 50 Hz - continuous for 24 h magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Krylov VV et al. 2016 - - 72.5–500 Hz - - magnetic field, low frequency, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Delgado JM et al. 1982 - - 10–100 Hz - continuous for 48 hrs magnetic field, low frequency, intermediate frequency
Youbicier-Simo BJ et al. 1997 animal, chicken embryos (eggs) and chickens after hatching, whole body - 50–80 Hz - continuous for 47 days magnetic field, low frequency, intermediate frequency, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor