Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

843 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    308 studies
  2. Other
    298 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    115 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

308 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    156 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    134 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    38 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

Low frequency 156 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Lahijani MS et al. 2011 animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn (eggs), whole body histopathology and apoptosis processes in chicken embryo brains, abnormalities 50 Hz - continuous for 24 h before incubation magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Bayat PD et al. 2011 animal, mouse/NMRI, whole body embryogenesis (spleen development) 50 Hz - continuous for 10 h/day on 5 days magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Borhani N et al. 2011 animal, mouse/NMRI, whole body cell death (DNA fragmentation) in blastocysts, fertility of female mice 50 Hz - continuous for 4 h/day, 6 days/week for 2 weeks magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Shams Lahijani M et al. 1999 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body - 50 Hz - continuous for 24 h magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Tayefi H et al. 2010 animal, rat/ Wistar (embryos and neonatal rats), whole body effects on the heart: myocardial damage (oxidative stress, apoptosis, histological evaluation) 50 Hz - 4 hours/day for 7 days/week (during pregnancy and until postnatal day 20) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Lahijani MS et al. 2013 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body effects on the spleen 50 Hz - continuous for 24 hours magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Shams Lahijani M et al. 2013 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body embryonic heart development 50 Hz - continuous for 24 h magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Pawlak K et al. 2013 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body cardiac work and morphometric parameters, level of thyroid hormones 50 Hz - continuous from the first to the last day of incubation (up to 21 days) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Li Y et al. 2014 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>), whole body hatching rate, mortality, malformation, and apoptosis 50 Hz - continuous for 96 hours magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Bekhite MM et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, embryoid bodies made of pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells (CCE), animal, mouse/BALB/c, whole body embryonic development of mice 50 Hz - 8 hours/day for up to 20 days during gestation magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC