Medical/biological study (experimental study)

Induction of increase in intracellular calcium concentration of embryonic cells and acceleration of morphogenetic cell movements during amphibian gastrulation by a 50-Hz magnetic field med./bio.

By: Komazaki S, Takano K

Published in: J Exp Zool Part A Ecol Genet Physiol 2007; 307 (3): 156-162

Aim of study (acc. to author)

This in vivo study was performed to examine the influence of an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field on early development of amphibian embryos.

Background/further details

Additionally, the question whether electromagnetic field affects intracellular calcium concentration should be analyzed.
11 to 28 amphibian embryos per group were investigated in the development range from 2-cell-stage (or later) to the tail bud stage (after five days).

Endpoint

effects on embryo/fetus: embryo development

Exposure

- 50/60 Hz
- magnetic field

Exposure	Parameters
Exposure 1: 50 Hz Exposure duration: 5 days	magnetic flux density: 5 mT minimum magnetic flux density: 30 mT maximum
Exposure 2: 50 Hz Exposure duration: 5 days	magnetic flux density: 5 mT minimum magnetic flux density: 10 mT maximum

Exposure 1

Main characteristics

Frequency	50 Hz
Type	magnetic field
Waveform	sinusoidal
Exposure duration	5 days

Exposure setup

Exposure source	coil(s)
Chamber	cylindrical plastic chamber with an inner diameter of 6 mm, 12 mm heigh
Sham exposure	A sham exposure was conducted.

Parameters

Measurand	Value	Type	Method	Mass	Remarks
magnetic flux density	5 mT	minimum	measured	-	-
magnetic flux density	30 mT	maximum	measured	-	-

Exposure 2

Main characteristics

Frequency	50 Hz
Type	magnetic field
Waveform	sinusoidal
Exposure duration	5 days

Exposure setup

Exposure source	same setup as exposure 1
Sham exposure	A sham exposure was conducted.

Parameters

Measurand	Value	Type	Method	Mass	Remarks
magnetic flux density	5 mT	minimum	measured	-	-
magnetic flux density	10 mT	maximum	measured	-	-

Exposed system:

animal
japanese fire belly newt/Cynops pyrrhogaster (embryo)
whole body

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

effects on embryo/fetus: embryo development (rate of development, light microscopy), calcium concentration in embryonic cells isolated from blastula, gastrula, neurula (Fura-2 measurement, fluorescence microscopy)
morphol./histopathol. changes: morphological changes during gastrulation (cell migration, cell morphology, light microscopy)

Investigated system:

Time of investigation:

during exposure
after exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

Embryos exposed to the extremely low frequency electromagnetic field showed an accelerated rate of early development compared to control group. This effect of electromagnetic field was magnetic flux density dependent exerted preferentially at the gastrula stage, and the period of gastrulation was shortened.
Electromagnetic field increased the intracellular calcium concentration particularly in the cells isolated from gastrula.
No clear abnormality concerning morphological aspects in gastrulation was observed under the influence of electromagnetic field.
The data indicate that electromagnetic field specifically increased the intracellular calcium concentration of gastrula cells, thereby, accelerating the rate of cell development during gastrulation.

Study character:

medical/biological study
experimental study
full/main study

Study funded by

Life Science Foundation, Japan

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Zimmerman S et al. (1990): Influence of 60-Hz magnetic fields on sea urchin development
Cameron IL et al. (1985): Retardation of embryogenesis by extremely low frequency 60 Hz electromagnetic fields

Induction of increase in intracellular calcium concentration of embryonic cells and acceleration of morphogenetic cell movements during amphibian gastrulation by a 50-Hz magnetic field med./bio.

Aim of study (acc. to author)

Background/further details

Endpoint

Exposure

Exposure 1

Main characteristics

Exposure setup

Parameters

Exposure 2

Main characteristics

Exposure setup

Parameters

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

Study funded by

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