Study type: Medical/biological study (experimental study)

Effects of low-frequency magnetic fields on fetal development in CBA/Ca mice med./bio.

Published in: Bioelectromagnetics 1998; 19 (8): 477-485

Aim of study (acc. to author)

To investigate the effects of different magnetic field exposures on the embryonic and fetal development in mice in vivo.

Endpoint

Exposure

Exposure Parameters
Exposure 1: 50 Hz
Exposure duration: continuous, 24 hrs/day from day 0 to day 18 of gestation period.
Exposure 2: 20 kHz
Modulation type: pulsed
Exposure duration: continuous, 24 hrs/day from day 0 to day 18 of gestation period.
Exposure 3: 50 Hz
Exposure duration: continuous, 24 hrs/day from day 0 to day 18 of gestation period.

Exposure 1

Main characteristics
Frequency 50 Hz
Type
Waveform
Exposure duration continuous, 24 hrs/day from day 0 to day 18 of gestation period.
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
magnetic flux density 13 µT effective value measured - -

Exposure 2

Main characteristics
Frequency 20 kHz
Type
Waveform
  • sawtooth-shaped
Exposure duration continuous, 24 hrs/day from day 0 to day 18 of gestation period.
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Rise time 5 µs
Fall time 45 µs
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
magnetic flux density 15 µT peak-to-peak value measured - -

Exposure 3

Main characteristics
Frequency 50 Hz
Type
Waveform
Exposure duration continuous, 24 hrs/day from day 0 to day 18 of gestation period.
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
magnetic flux density 0.13 mT effective value measured - -

Reference articles

Exposed system:

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

Investigated system:
Time of investigation:
  • after exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

Mated femal mice were exposed 24 h/day for 18 days. Three different magnetic fields exposures were applied (50 Hz/13 µT; 50 Hz/0.13 µT; and 20 kHz alternating/15 µT). Adequate sham-exposure was done.
No adverse effects in maternal hematology and bone marrow analysis were seen. Also magnetic field exposure did not affect the number of resorptions of fetuses, number of implantations or living fetuses per litter. The number of fetuses exhibiting external malformation was not increased and similar in all groups. However, the number of fetuses with at least three skeletal variations was statistically significant increased consistently in the exposed groups.

Study character:

Study funded by

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