Study overviews

Mobile phone related articles are

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on mobile communications

1694 studies in total
  1. Health
    736 studies
  2. DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress
    560 studies
  3. Brain
    510 studies
  4. Cells
    220 studies
  5. Other
    204 studies
  6. Cell functions
    118 studies

DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress

560 studies in total
  1. (Oxidative) stress response
    305 studies
  2. Genotoxicity
    198 studies
  3. Gene/protein expression (in general)
    118 studies
  4. Gene/protein expression (HSP)
    42 studies

Genotoxicity 198 studies in total

List view Background information
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Belyaev IY et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture genotoxic effects and stress response 905–915 MHz 37–40 mW/kg 1 h mobile communications, digital mobile phone, GSM, UMTS
Sannino A et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture DNA damage (micronucleus formation) 900 MHz 1.25–10 W/kg continuous for 20 h mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field
Sannino A et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture DNA damage 900 MHz 1 W/kg continuous for 1 h or 24 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field, co-exposure
Zhijian C et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture DNA damage and DNA repair 1.8 GHz 2 W/kg 5 min on - 10 min off, for 24 hr GSM, mobile communications, RF field, co-exposure
Xu S et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture oxidative DNA damage 1,800 MHz 2 W/kg 5 min on - 10 min off - for 24 hr mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field, PW pulsed wave
Hansteen IL et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture DNA damage (chromosome aberrations) 2.3 GHz - one cell cycle mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave, PW pulsed wave, co-exposure
Sannino A et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture DNA damage (micronucleus formation) 900 MHz 1.25–10 W/kg continuous for 20 h mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field
Karaca E et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture DNA damage (micronucleus assay), gene expression of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes 10.715 GHz 0.725 W/kg continuous for 6 h per day for 3 days mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field, microwaves
Zeni O et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture micronucleus formation 1,950 MHz 0.15–1.25 W/kg continuous for 20 h digital mobile phone, UMTS, W-CDMA, mobile communications
Li R et al. 2018 intact cell/cell culture - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, RF field
Houston BJ et al. 2018 intact cell/cell culture - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Schuermann D et al. 2020 intact cell/cell culture - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, UMTS, W-LAN/WiFi, RF field, EAS/RFID
Choi J et al. 2020 intact cell/cell culture - 1.7 GHz - - LTE, mobile communications
Sakuma N et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, A172 (human glioblastoma cells) and IMR90 fibroblasts (from fetal lungs) DNA damage 2.1425 GHz 80–800 mW/kg continuous for 2 or 24 hours UMTS, mobile communications
Cain CD et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, C3H 10T1/2 and UV/TDT10e (10e) cells (mouse fibroblast cells) <i>in vitro</i> carcinogenesis/focus formation 836.55 MHz 0.15–15 µW/g 20 min on - 20 min off, 24 h/day for 28 days TDMA, mobile communications, RF field, PW pulsed wave
Li L et al. 2001 intact cell/cell culture, C3H 10T1/2 cells (derived from mouse embryo fibroblasts) DNA damage 835.62 MHz 3.2–5.1 W/kg continuous for 2 or 4 h mobile communications, CDMA, FDMA
Bisht KS et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture, C3H 10T1/2 cells (derived from mouse embryo fibroblasts) formation of micronuclei 835.62 MHz 3.2–5.1 W/kg continuous for 3, 8,16, or 24 h CDMA, FDMA, mobile communications
Malyapa RS et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, C3H 10T1/2 cells (derived from mouse embryo fibroblasts) and U87MG (human glioblastoma cells) DNA damage (comet assay) 835.62 MHz 0.6 W/kg continuous for 2, 4 or 24 h mobile communications, CDMA, RF field, CW continuous wave
Xu S et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, CHL (Chinese hamster lung) cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), primary newborn rat astrocytes, human amniotic epithelial cells, human lens epithelial cells (HLEC), human skin fibroblasts DNA damage, DNA double strand breaks 1,800 MHz 3 W/kg intermittent for 1 h or 24 h (5 min "on", 10 min "off") mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Jooyan N et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells - - - - mobile communications, GSM
Jooyan N et al. 2024 intact cell/cell culture, CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Nikolova T et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture, ES R1 cells (mouse embryonic stem cells) different effects (e.g. different transcript levels, genotoxicity, proliferation, apoptosis, cytotoxicity, mitochondrial function) 50 Hz–1.25 kHz 1.5 W/kg intermittent, 5 min on/30 min off, for 6 h and 48 h GSM, mobile communications, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line
Speit G et al. 2007 intact cell/cell culture, ES-1 (human diploid fibroblasts) and V79 (Chinese hamster fibroblast cells) comet assay and formation of micronuclei 1,800 MHz 1–2 W/kg intermittent, 5 min on/10 min off, for 1, 4, 18, and 24 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Schwarz C et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, ES-1, IH-9, HW-2 (human diploid fibroblasts) and lymphocytes formation of micronuclei 1,950 MHz 0.05–2 W/kg continuous for 24 h digital mobile phone, UMTS, mobile communications
Schrader T et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, FC2 cells (human-hamster hybrid (AL)) cells spindle disturbance 900 MHz 10.7–17.2 mW/kg continuous for 0.5 h mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field, electric field, magnetic field