Study overviews

Mobile phone related articles are

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on mobile communications

1694 studies in total
  1. 736 studies
  2. 560 studies
  3. 510 studies
  4. 220 studies
  5. 204 studies
  6. 118 studies

DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress

560 studies in total
  1. 305 studies
  2. 198 studies
  3. 118 studies
  4. 42 studies

(Oxidative) stress response 305 studies in total

Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Kismali G et al. 2012 animal, rabbit/New Zealand White, whole body blood chemistry, oxidative stress: lipid persoxidation 1,800 MHz - continuous for 15 min/day during 7 days (day 15 to day 22 of gestation) digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves, PW pulsed wave
Stagg RB et al. 2001 animal, rat/Fischer 344, partial body: head stress response 1.6 GHz 0.6–5 W/kg continuous for 2 h digital mobile phone, IRIDIUM, mobile communications, microwaves
Brescia F et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture, Jurkat cells (human lymphoblastoid T cells) oxidative stress (production of reactive oxygen species), cell viability 1,950 MHz 0.5–2 W/kg 5 min - 60 min or 24 h digital mobile phone, UMTS, mobile communications, co-exposure
Chauhan V et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, TK6 cells (lymphoblastoma cells) cellular stress response 1.9 GHz 1–10 W/kg intermittent, 5 min on/10 min off, for 6 h digital mobile phone, mobile communications
Koyu A et al. 2005 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body oxidative stress-induced liver impairment 1,800 MHz 2 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day, for 30 days digital mobile phone, mobile communications, microwaves
Miyakoshi J et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture, MO54 cells (derived from a human malignant glioma) activation of stress response genes 1,950 MHz 1–10 W/kg continuous for 1 or 2 h mobile communications
Ragy MM 2015 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley albino, whole body oxidative stress in the brain, liver and kidneys and blood parameters 900 MHz - continuous for 1 hour/day for 60 days mobile communications
Okatan DÖ et al. 2018 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile communications
Kuzay D et al. 2018 animal, rat/Wistar albino - 2,100 MHz - - mobile communications
Pooam M et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture - 1.8 GHz - - mobile communications
Migdal P et al. 2024 invertebrate, worker honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera carnica</i> L.) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications
Yang H et al. 2022 animal, guinea pig, whole body - 3,500 MHz - - mobile communications, 5G, CW continuous wave
Joushomme A et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, SV-40 immortalized skin fibroblast cell line, HaCaT keratinocytes - 3.5 GHz - - mobile communications, 5G, CW continuous wave, microwaves, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Handa AP et al. 2024 plant, Weisskohl und Rotkohl (<i>Brassica oleracea</i>) - 2,850 MHz - - mobile communications, 5G, RF field
Patrignoni L et al. 2024 intact cell/cell culture, human Xp6be fibroblasts and KHAT keratinocytes - 3.5 GHz - - mobile communications, 5G, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Vilic M et al. 2017 invertebrate, honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>), whole body - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, AM amplitude modulation
Goswami PC et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, C3H 10T1/2 cells (derived from mouse embryo fibroblasts) stress response (proto-oncogene expression and DNA-binding activity of transcription factors) 835.62 MHz 0.6 W/kg continuous for 24 h or 4 days mobile communications, CDMA
Upadhyaya C et al. 2022 plant, tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, CW continuous wave
Türedi S et al. 2017 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, CW continuous wave, RF field
Zeni O et al. 2007 intact cell/cell culture, murine L929 cells formation of reactive oxygen species (oxidative stress) 900 MHz 0.3–1 W/kg continuous for 10 or 30 min mobile communications, GSM
Roux D et al. 2006 plant, tomato (<i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i> Mill.)/VFN8, whole body stress response of tomato 900 MHz - continuous for 10 min mobile communications, GSM
Salameh M et al. 2022 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley (embryos and newborns) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM
Zielinski J et al. 2020 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line); N9 (murine microglial cells) - 935 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, PW pulsed wave, RF field
Lin YY et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, TM3 cells (mouse Leydig cell line) - 1,950 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, RF field
Li R et al. 2018 intact cell/cell culture - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, RF field
McNamee JP et al. 2021 intact cell/cell culture, A172 (human glioblastoma cells) - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, RF field, CW continuous wave
Kucukbagriacik Y et al. 2022 animal, mouse/Swiss albino - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, RF field, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Kuzay D et al. 2017 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body - 50 Hz–2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, RF field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Jooyan N et al. 2024 intact cell/cell culture, CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Tomruk A et al. 2022 animal, rabbit/New Zealand White - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, mobile phone
Pagadala P et al. 2022 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body - 900–1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, mobile phone
Aktas S et al. 2019 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, mobile phone, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Kim JH et al. 2021 intact cell/cell culture, HaCaT cells (human keratinocytes cell line) - 1,760 MHz - - mobile communications, LTE, RF field
Vafaei A et al. 2023 animal, mouse/NMARI - 2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, LTE, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Postaci I et al. 2018 animal, rat/Wistar - 2,600 MHz - - mobile communications, LTE, mobile phone, co-exposure
Kulaber A et al. 2017 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Hanci H et al. 2018 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Houston BJ et al. 2019 animal, C57BL/6 mouse, whole body - 905 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Sharma S et al. 2020 animal, rat/ Wistar - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Yahyazadeh A et al. 2020 animal, rat/Wistar albino - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Sharma A et al. 2020 animal, rat/Wistar - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Sharma A et al. 2021 animal, rat/ Wistar - 900–2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Sharma S et al. 2023 plant, fenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i>) (seeds) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Gur FM et al. 2021 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Bozok S et al. 2023 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900–2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Savchenko L et al. 2023 animal, mouse/Swiss Webster - 915 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Okatan DÖ et al. 2018 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave
Zong C et al. 2015 animal, mouse/ICR, whole body DNA damage in leukocytes, oxidative stress and antioxidative status in plasma, liver and lung 900 MHz 50 mW/kg continuous for 4 h/day for 7 days mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave, co-exposure
Kuybulu AE et al. 2016 - - 2.45 GHz - - mobile communications, RF field, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz
Yu G et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, Sertoli cells (rat), animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 2,605 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF