Study overviews

Mobile phone related articles are

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on mobile communications

1693 studies in total
  1. Health
    735 studies
  2. DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress
    560 studies
  3. Brain
    509 studies
  4. Cells
    220 studies
  5. Other
    203 studies
  6. Cell functions
    118 studies

Health

735 studies in total
  1. Effects on testis/sperms, fertility
    146 studies
  2. Organ parameter
    90 studies
  3. Blood parameter
    85 studies
  4. Behavior
    79 studies
  5. Effects on embryo/fetus
    73 studies
  6. Effects on the auditory system
    61 studies
  7. Heart rate/blood pressure
    58 studies
  8. Hypersensitivity/well-being/subjective complaints
    54 studies
  9. Endocrine changes (in general)
    53 studies
  10. Cancer
    47 studies
  11. Effects on the immune system
    33 studies
  12. Effects on skin
    25 studies
  13. Thermoregulation
    25 studies
  14. Endocrine changes (melatonin)
    19 studies
  15. Effects on bones (bone cells)
    16 studies
  16. Effects on eyes
    10 studies
  17. Effects on nerves (not CNS)
    9 studies
  18. Effects on the musculoskeletal system
    4 studies

Effects on embryo/fetus 73 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Augustianath T et al. 2023 animal, chicken embryos (eggs) - 900–1,800 MHz - - 4G, GSM, mobile communications, mobile phone
Pecoraro R et al. 2023 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - 27 GHz - - 5G, mobile communications
Boga A et al. 2014 animal, African clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</i>) (embryos), whole body embryonic development of the African clawed frog 900 MHz 1 W/kg continuous for 4, 6 or 8 h GSM, mobile communications, RF field, co-exposure
Pyrpasopoulou A et al. 2004 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body expression and localization of bone morphogenetic proteins and their receptors 9.4 GHz 500 nW/g continuous during days 1-3 postcoitum GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Moghimi A et al. 2009 animal, mouse/BALB/c - - - - GSM, mobile communications, mobile phone, microwaves, RF field
Tsybulin O et al. 2012 animal, Japanese quail (<i>Coturnix coturnix japonica</i>), whole body: embryo <i>in ovo</i> number of somites in the embryos the 38 h exposed group; survival rate and hatchability of chicks, oxidative stress in brain, liver and heart in the 14 days exposed group 890–915 MHz 0.79 W/kg continuous for 38 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, low level microwaves
Klug S et al. 1997 rat embryo culture teratogenicity 150 MHz 0.2–5 W/kg continuous for 36 h digital mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field
Poulletier de Gannes F et al. 2012 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body teratogenic effects (prenatal and postnatal development) 2,450 MHz 0.08–4 W/kg 2 h/day, 6 days/week for 18 days digital mobile phone, mobile communications, W-LAN/WiFi
Batellier F et al. 2008 - - - - - mobile communications
Torres-Ruiz M et al. 2024 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - 700–3,500 MHz - - mobile communications, 5G
Bodin R et al. 2023 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley (pregnant) - 3,500 MHz - - mobile communications, 5G, RF field, CW continuous wave
Nik Abdull Halim NMH et al. 2024 invertebrate, yellow fever mosquito (<i>Aedes aegypti</i>) (eggs) - 900 MHz–18 GHz - - mobile communications, 5G, millimeter waves, RF field
Dasgupta S et al. 2022 animal, zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - 3.5 GHz - - mobile communications, 5G, mobile phone
Shirai T et al. 2017 - - 800 MHz–5.2 GHz - - mobile communications, CDMA, RF field, W-LAN/WiFi, co-exposure
Pawlak K et al. 2018 animal, chicken embryos (eggs) - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM
Alimohammadi I et al. 2018 animal, mouse/NMRI (pregnant females) - 915 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, RF field, co-exposure
Woelders H et al. 2017 animal, chicken/Leghorn (eggs), whole body embryonic development 1.8 GHz 0.38–0.45 mW/kg 22 days mobile communications, GSM, UMTS, TDMA, FDMA, RF field, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi
Balik MS et al. 2019 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley (embryos and newborns) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, microwaves
Tomruk A et al. 2022 animal, rabbit/New Zealand White - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, mobile phone
Bozok S et al. 2023 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900–2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Yan S et al. 2022 animal, mouse/C57BL/6J - 2 GHz - - mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave
Magras IN et al. 1997 animal, mouse/BALB/c/f, whole body teratogenicity 88.5–950 MHz 1.936 µW/g 5 pregnancies mobile communications, RF field, Radio/TV transmitter, TV broadcast (VHF/UHF), FM broadcast (UKW), AM radio transmitters, SW broadcast (KW)
Kıran D et al. 2017 animal, rat/Wistar albino (<i>in utero</i> and young animals) - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, digital mobile phone, mobile phone
Zhang Y et al. 2014 animal, rat/Wistar (pregnant females and fetuses) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Bektas H et al. 2018 human - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Akakin D et al. 2021 animal, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i> and young animals) - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Sabban IF et al. 2018 animal, rat/ Wistar - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Tümkaya L et al. 2022 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley (embryo) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Dsilva MH et al. 2022 animal, hen (<i>Gallus gallus domesticus</i>) (eggs) - 1,800–2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Ingole IV et al. 2012 animal, hen eggs (<i>Gallus domesticus</i> ) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Vagula M et al. 2013 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Koohestanidehaghi Y et al. 2023 animal, mouse/NMRI (embryo) - 900–1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Islam MS et al. 2023 animal, chicken eggs (Indian River) - 2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G
Dasgupta S et al. 2020 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - 3.5 GHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G, 5G, LTE
Kilic A et al. 2023 animal, rat/Wistar albino (adults and young animal) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Bektas H et al. 2021 human - 900–1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
D'Silva MH et al. 2021 animal, hen eggs (<i>Gallus domesticus</i> ) - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, UMTS
Khayat S et al. 2023 animal, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i>) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field
D'Silva MH et al. 2017 animal, chicken embryos/Gallus domesticus (eggs) - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, UHF fields
Lerchl A et al. 2020 animal, mouse/C3H/HeNCrl x C57Bl/6N - 1,960 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, UMTS, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Suzuki S et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, sperm cells and oocytes derived from mice (B6D2F1) fertilization and embryogenesis; chromosome damage 1,950 MHz 2 W/kg 60 minutes mobile communications, mobile phone, W-CDMA
Yenilmez F 2022 animal, chicken/Ross (egg) - 800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Grigoriev YG et al. 2010 animal, rat - 2,450 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, 2.45 GHz
Sahmelikoglu AG et al. 2019 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, shielding/field deprivation
Balmori A 2010 animal, frog (<i>Rana temporaria</i>), whole body effects on tadpoles (e.g. growth, teratogenic effects, coordination of movement, mortality) 648–2,155 MHz - continuous for 2 months (from the egg phase until prior to metamorphosis) mobile phone base station, GSM, UMTS, mobile communications
Buchner K et al. 2014 animal, pig (German Landrace (sows) and German Landrace x Pietrain (piglets)), whole body fertility of sows and malformation rate of piglets 900 MHz - continuous mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications
Ogawa K et al. 2009 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley CD IGS, partial body: head embryogenesis 1.95 GHz 0.11–7 W/kg 90 min/day from day 7 to day 17 of gestation mobile phone, CDMA, mobile communications
Lee HJ et al. 2009 animal, mouse/ICR, whole body teratogenicity (mortality, growth retardation, head size, morphological malformations) 848.5 MHz 2–7.13 W/kg continuous 2 times 45 min/day, separated by 15 min, throughout gestation (17 days) mobile phone, CDMA, mobile communications, RF field
Luo Q et al. 2013 human protein expression in chorionic villous tissue 900 MHz 1.46–8.8 W/kg continuous for 20 min. (according to "materials and methods" section) or 1 h (according to abstract)? mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Ozgur E et al. 2013 animal, rabbit/New Zealand, whole body: prenatal and/or postnatal blood parameters, lipid peroxidation 1,800 MHz - 15 min/day for 7 days in pregnant animals (between 15th and 22nd day of gestation), for 7 days in female infants and for 14 days in male infants mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications