Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on magnetic power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

2045 studies in total
  1. 764 studies
  2. 633 studies
  3. 511 studies
  4. 414 studies
  5. 329 studies
  6. 207 studies

Cells

511 studies in total
  1. 251 studies
  2. 125 studies
  3. 98 studies
  4. 89 studies
  5. 86 studies
  6. 67 studies
  7. 7 studies

Cell proliferation/growth 251 studies in total

Authors Year Exposed system Parameters Magnetic flux density/field strength
Ma Q et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, embryonic neural stem cells (mouse/BALB/c) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Zhang J et al. 2016 bacterium, <i>alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus</i> H1S-33 magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.1–1.5 mT
Bique AM et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, MC3T3-E1 cells (mouse osteoblast-like cell line) and SaOS-2 (cell line derived from human osteosarcoma) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Lee YJ et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells derived from mice (C57/BL6 mice and Foxp3-GFP mice) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.3 mT
Restrepo AF et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, HeLa 229 (human cervical carcinoma cell line), CHO-K1 (Chinese hamster ovary K1 cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.4–2.53 mT
Morabito C et al. 2017 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Fathi E et al. 2018 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Song K et al. 2018 intact cell/cell culture, HeLa cells (human cervical carcinoma cell line); IMR-90 cells (human lung fibroblasts) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1–10 mT
Consales C et al. 2019 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Shi Z 2019 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Li X et al. 2019 animal, mouse/C57BL/6 magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 5 mT
Jang YW et al. 2019 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Escobar JF et al. 2020 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Chen L et al. 2020 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Samiei M et al. 2020 intact cell/cell culture, human dental pulp stem cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.5–1 mT
Naghibzadeh M et al. 2020 intact cell/cell culture, human dermal fibroblasts magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1–5 mT
Wu J et al. 2021 bacterium, composting material including bacteria magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Consales C et al. 2021 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Gao Q et al. 2021 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley (focal ischemia model), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Domínguez G et al. 2021 intact cell/cell culture, MDCK cells (Madin-Darby canine kidney cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1–5 mT
Carnecka L et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, yeast (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Bubanja IN et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, yeast (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Elexpuru-Zabaleta M et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 (breast cancer cell lines) and MCF-10A (breast cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Miyakoshi J et al. 1994 intact cell/cell culture, human leukemia cell lines (HL60RG, CCRF-CEM9), GM0637 cells (normal human fibroblast cell line), TAT2SF cells (human Louis-Bar syndrome fibroblast cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF 400 mT
Chen L et al. 2021 intact cell/cell culture, human amniotic (FL) cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure 0.2–0.4 mT
Paszkiewicz O et al. 2022 bacterium, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure -
Schimmelpfeng J 1997 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 2 mT
Tao Q et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100 µT
Cain CD et al. 1993 intact cell/cell culture, C3H 10T1/2 and UV/TDT10e (10e) cells (mouse fibroblast cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.1 mT
Liburdy RP et al. 1993 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 cells (melatonin-sensitive breast cancer cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.19–1.195 µT
Dees C et al. 1996 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 and T-47D cell lines (human breast cancer cell lines) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1.2–900 µT
Mevissen M et al. 1996 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 50 µT
Watson JM et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, human endometrial stromal fibroblasts (primary cells and ESF-I (N5) cell line) and 12 endometrial, ovarian, and prostate cancer cell lines and immortazized human ovarian epithelial cells (OV-I) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 200 µT
Loberg LI et al. 2000 intact cell/cell culture, <i>Ataxia telangiectasia</i> and normal human lymphoblastoid cell lines magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Heredia-Rojas JA et al. 2001 blood samples magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1–2 mT
Ding GR et al. 2001 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 5 mT
Tian F et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture, CHO-K1 (Chinese hamster ovary K1) cells (Ku80-proficient) und xrs5 cells (Ku80-defizient; radiation sensitive mutant isolated from CHO-K1 cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 5 mT
Tokalov SV et al. 2003 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 60 µT
Berg H et al. 2003 intact cell/cell culture, K562 cells (human erythroleukemic cell line) and U937 cells (human leukemic monocyte cell line) and human lymphocytes magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 10–35 mT
Berg H 2003 intact cell/cell culture, human myeloid leukemia cell line (K-562) and human non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell line (U-937) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 8–55 mT
Girgert R et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 (breast cancer cell line); MCF-7 clones (MCF-7 p181 and MCF-7 p40) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 200 nT–100 µT
Capri M et al. 2004 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.05–2.5 mT
Parola AH et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture, embryonic chicken fibroblasts, plant, duckweed (<i>Spirodela oligorrhiza</i>) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.7 mT
Harland J et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 cells (human breast cancer cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.2–1.2 µT
Gaafar ESA et al. 2006 bacterium, <i>Escherichia coli</i> magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 2 mT
Cid MA et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, Hep G2 cells (hepatic transformed cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 10 µT
Esmekaya MA et al. 2013 bacterium, <i>Escherichia coli</i>/ATCC 25922 magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 2 mT
Wang J et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, human fetal scleral fibroblasts and retinal pigment epithelial cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.2 mT
Luukkonen J et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100 µT
Brisdelli F et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, K562 cells (human erythroleukemic cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.01–2 mT