Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on magnetic power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

2043 studies in total
  1. 764 studies
  2. 632 studies
  3. 511 studies
  4. 413 studies
  5. 328 studies
  6. 207 studies

Cell functions

328 studies in total
  1. 122 studies
  2. 101 studies
  3. 84 studies
  4. 67 studies

Enzyme activity 84 studies in total

Authors Year Exposed system Parameters Magnetic flux density/field strength
Uckun FM et al. 1995 intact cell/cell culture, NALM-6 cells (B cell precursor leukemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 100 µT
Ohtsu S et al. 1995 intact cell/cell culture, PC-12 cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 200–400 mT
Song HS et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, RBL-2H3 (rat basophilic leukemia cells) and RAW 264.7 (murine macrophage cells) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.1–1 mT
Falone S et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Patruno A et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, THP-1 cells (human monocytic leukemia cell line) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Patruno A et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, THP-1 cells (human monocytic leukemia cell line) and HaCaT cells (human keratinocytes) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Galt S et al. 1995 intact cell/cell culture, human amniotic cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 30 µT
Richard D et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture, human diploid amniotic fluid cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Dacha M et al. 1993 intact cell/cell culture, human erythrocytes electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.2 µT–0.2 mT
Zhong C et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, mesenchymal bone marrow stem cells of mice (rat?, remark EMF-Portal: contradictory information) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.5 mT
Katsir G et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, primary chick embryo fibroblasts magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.06–0.7 mT
Cheng G et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, primary rat osteoblast cells magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1.8 mT
Amirahmadi F et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, rat bone marrow-derived stem cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure -
Potenza L et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, truffle mycelium <i>Tuber borchii</i> magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC 0.1–300 mT
Prashanth KS et al. 2009 isolated bio./chem. substance, acid phosphatase magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.53 mT
Prashanth KS et al. 2008 isolated bio./chem. substance, alpha-amylase magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.53 mT
Nossol B et al. 1993 isolated bio./chem. substance, cytochrome c oxidase magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 50 µT
Zhang J et al. 2012 isolated bio./chem. substance, enzyme solution (cellulase), cellulose magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 4.2 mT
Batcioglu K et al. 2011 isolated bio./chem. substance, enzyme solutions of adenosine deaminase and xanthine oxidase magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 5.8 mT
Portaccio M et al. 2005 isolated bio./chem. substance, horseradish peroxidase magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Portaccio M et al. 2003 isolated bio./chem. substance, horseradish peroxidase (in solution and immobilized) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Morre DJ et al. 2008 isolated bio./chem. substance, organelle/cell part, intact cell/cell culture, soybean plasma membranes; aqueous CuCl<sub>2</sub> solution; recombinant tNOX protein, HeLa cell line (human adenocarcinoma cell line) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field 50 µT
Blank M et al. 1998 isolated bio./chem. substance, organelle/cell part, mitochondria containing the cytochrome oxidase (enzyme) and cytochrome C (substrate) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 10 µT
Noda Y et al. 2000 isolated bio./chem. substance, supernatant of brain homogenates magnetic field, static magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz 0.1–20 mT
Chacon L 2000 isolated organ, pineal gland, rat/Wistar magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 10–1,000 µT
Lewy H et al. 2003 isolated organ, pineal glands of rats/Wistar magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Chen C et al. 2009 organelle/cell part, chromatophore suspensions prepared from bacteria magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.1–0.5 mT
Ravera S et al. 2010 organelle/cell part, synaptosomes magnetic field, static magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, DC 0.25–2 mT
Afrasiabi A et al. 2014 organelle/cell part, synaptosomes from sheep brain magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.3–1.7 mT
Shabrangi A et al. 2011 plant, maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz -
Mroczek-Zdyrska M et al. 2017 plant, narrow-leafed lupin (<i>Lupinus angustifolius</i> L.) (seeds) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, low frequency -
Mahmood M et al. 2013 plant, oil palm (<i>Elaeis guineensis</i> Jacq.) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electric field -
Asghar T et al. 2016 plant, soy bean seeds and seedlings magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF -
Zhou J et al. 2016 tissue culture, femoral diaphysis and metaphysis tissue from Wistar rats magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1.8 mT