Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on magnetic power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

2043 studies in total
  1. 764 studies
  2. 632 studies
  3. 511 studies
  4. 413 studies
  5. 328 studies
  6. 207 studies

DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress

632 studies in total
  1. 254 studies
  2. 211 studies
  3. 182 studies
  4. 47 studies

Gene/protein expression (in general) 254 studies in total

Authors Year Exposed system Parameters Magnetic flux density/field strength
Morehouse CA et al. 2000 intact cell/cell culture, Daudi (Burkitt's lymphoma cell line) cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 12.5–500 µT
Junkersdorf B et al. 2000 invertebrate, nematode (<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>)/pPCZ1 and pD2047 magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 50–200 µT
Cridland NA et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, HF-19 cells (normal human fibroblasts derived from fetal female lung) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 µT–20 mT
Pipkin JL et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 cells (human acute myeloid leukaemia cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 100 µT–1 mT
Miki H et al. 1999 isolated bio./chem. substance, DNA/RNA, HeLa nuclear extract (<i>in vitro</i> transcription system) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 10–100 µT
Miller SC et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, U937 (human leukemic monocyte cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line 0.08–1.3 mT
Lin H et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, HeLa cell line (human adenocarcinoma cell line), transfected magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 8 µT
Tipping DR et al. 1999 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 8 µT
Loberg LI et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, HBL-100 (human breast cancer cell line) and HME (human non-transformed mammary epithelial cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Campbell-Beachler M et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, PC-12 cells (pheochromocytoma cell line from rat adrenal gland) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 12.5–100 µT
Lin H et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 8 µT
Lin H et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia cells), MCF-7, T-47D, and HTB-124 cell lines (human breast cancer cell lines) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 8 µT
Balcer-Kubiczek EK et al. 1998 DNA/RNA, intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Dibirdik I et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, DT40 (chicken lymphoma B-cells) (wild-type, LYN-deficient, SYK-deficient, PLC-gamma2-deficient clones) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 100 µT
Miyakoshi J et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, CHO-K1 (Chinese hamster ovary K1) cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 5–400 mT
Jahreis GP et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, CEM-CM3 (human acute lymphoblastic leukemia) cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.1 mT
Kristupaitis D et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, DT40 (chicken lymphoma B-cells) (wild-type, LYN-deficient, SYK-deficient, PLC-gamma2-deficient clones) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.1 mT
Owen RD 1998 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 370 nT–6.3 µT
Pieroni L et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, virus/bacteriophages, murine B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes infected with a murine retrovirus (Mo-MLV) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Lagroye I et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, primary (RTE cells) and spontaneously immortalized (RTSV cell line) and immortalized gamma radiation-treated (TCIV cell line) rat tracheal epithelial cells magnetic field, geomagnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF 55–104 µT
Harrison GH et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, A172 (human glioblastoma cells), MCF7 WT(human breast cancer cell line) and HeLa S3 (human cervical carcinoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Binninger DM et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>/D7 magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 20 µT
Jin M et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells), two different populations: Columbia University Cancer Center (CUCC), American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 8 µT
Dees C et al. 1996 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 and T-47D cell lines (human breast cancer cell lines) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1.2–900 µT
Miyakoshi J et al. 1996 intact cell/cell culture, CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 5 mT
Rao S et al. 1996 intact cell/cell culture, HeLa cell line (human adenocarcinoma cell line), transfected magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 6 µT
Lin H et al. 1996 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.8–80 µT
Lin H et al. 1995 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 cells (human acute myeloid leukaemia cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 6.7 µT
Uckun FM et al. 1995 intact cell/cell culture, NALM-6 cells (B cell precursor leukemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 100 µT
Lacy-Hulbert A et al. 1995 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 cells (human acute myeloid leukaemia cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.1–100 µT
Saffer JD et al. 1995 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells) and Daudi (Burkitt's lymphoma cell line) cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 57 µT–1 mT
Desjobert H et al. 1995 intact cell/cell culture, human Epstein-Barr-virus-immortalized lymphoid cells and human leukemic cell line (HL-60) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 10 µT–1 mT
Blank M et al. 1994 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure -
Kropinski AM et al. 1994 bacterium, <i>Escherichia coli</i>/JM83 magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 3 mT
Lin H et al. 1994 intact cell/cell culture, HeLa cell line (human adenocarcinoma cell line), transfected electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, shielding/field deprivation 8–80 µT
Gold S et al. 1994 intact cell/cell culture, HAL cells (SV40 origin defective mutant transformed human fibroblast cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 8 µT
Goodman R et al. 1994 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 cells (human acute myeloid leukaemia cell line) and yeast cells (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>) electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.1–80 µT
Karabakhtsian R et al. 1994 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 8 µT
Greene JJ et al. 1993 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 cells (human acute myeloid leukaemia cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Liburdy RP et al. 1993 intact cell/cell culture, rat/Sprague-Dawley (thymic lymphocytes) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 22 mT
Weisbrot DR et al. 1993 intact cell/cell culture, <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>/S288C; his-, leu- magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.8–80 µT
Ning J et al. 1992 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells), Daudi (Burkitt's lymphoma cell line) cells and normal human lymphocytes low frequency, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz, magnetic field 0.1 mT
Parker JE et al. 1992 intact cell/cell culture, several human cells (ONSA-8, WISH, HeLa, Cerv 1, Cerv 2, Cerv 9, Cerv 18, T24, TCCSUP) and several rodent cells (L929, MmSMT/C1C3H, P366D1, RAW264.7, CHO) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 100 µT
Phillips JL et al. 1992 intact cell/cell culture, CEM-CM3 (human acute lymphoblastic leukemia) cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.1 mT
Goodman R et al. 1992 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 80 µT
Goodman R et al. 1992 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.57–570 µT
Greene JJ et al. 1991 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 cells (human acute myeloid leukaemia cell line) electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Battini R et al. 1991 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz 8 mT
Goodman R et al. 1991 intact cell/cell culture, isolated organ, salivary gland, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia) cell line and partially dissected salivary glands from fruit flies (<i>Drosophila</i>) and fungus gnats (<i>Sciara</i>) magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz 0.57 µT–19 mT
Cadossi R 1990 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood lymphocytes (from normal donors, donors with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and elderly donors), animal, C3H mice, whole body magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure -