研究のタイプ: 医学／生物学の研究 (experimental study)

[パルス化UHF電磁界エネルギーの照射の人による感知] med./bio.

Human perception of illumination with pulsed ultrahigh-frequency electromagnetic energy

著者: Frey AH, Messenger Jr R
掲載誌: Science 1973; 181 (97): 356-358
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この研究は、パルス変調された超高周波電磁エネルギー照射によって引き起こされる「音」の知覚に関する心理物理学的実験を行なった。その結果、知覚される「音」の大きさは、主にピーク電力に依存し、次にパルス幅に依存することが示された；平均電力は知覚に大きな影響を与えなかった；知覚される「音」のピッチと音色の知覚特性は、変調パラメータの関数であるように思われた、と報告している。

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研究目的(acc. to author and editor)

To study the perception of "sound" induced by irradiation with pulse-modulated, ultrahigh-frequency electromagnetic energy and to answer the following questions: 1) Is perceived loudness a function of peak power, average power, or both? 2) What is the required energy density for the perceptual threshold? 3) Is there a minimal or optimal pulse width? Are there modulation characteristics that yield the perception of pitch?

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 1.245 GHz
Modulation type: pulsed
ばく露時間: intermittent, 5 s off/2 s on
ばく露2: 1.245 GHz
Modulation type: pulsed
ばく露時間: intermittent 5 s off / 2 s on

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 1.245 GHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
偏波
  • linear
ばく露時間 intermittent, 5 s off/2 s on
Additional information vertical polarisation
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Repetition frequency 50 Hz
Additional information

pulse widths of 70, 60, 50, 30, 20, 10 µs, and 40 µs (special case)
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
ばく露装置の詳細 The subject sat on a wooden stool with his back to the antenna and his head fixed in space by placing his chin on an acrylic rest mounted on a wooden pole.
Additional information Each trial started with a brief dim light; after a variable period of up to 5 s, a reference RF sound was presented for 2 s, followed by a silent period of about 5 s, and finally the RF sound of variable loudness was presented for 2 s. Occasionally, no variable RF sound was presented at the expected time in order to test for false positives.
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
電力密度 90 mW/cm² peak 測定値 - 70 µs
電力密度 105 mW/cm² peak 測定値 - 60 µs
電力密度 125 mW/cm² peak 測定値 - 50 µs
電力密度 210 mW/cm² peak 測定値 - 30 µs
電力密度 315 mW/cm² peak 測定値 - 20 µs
電力密度 630 mW/cm² peak 測定値 - 10 µs
電力密度 0.32 mW/cm² mean 測定値 - kept constant for all pulse widths
測定および計算の詳細

Average power density measurements were taken with a half-wave dipole antenna located where the center of the subject's head was placed during the experiment. Peak power density was derived by dividing by the duty cycle.

ばく露2

主たる特性
周波数 1.245 GHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
偏波
  • linear
ばく露時間 intermittent 5 s off / 2 s on
Additional information vertical polarisation
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Repetition frequency 50 Hz
Additional information

pulse widths of 10, 20, 30, 50, 60, and 70 µs
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
電力密度 370 mW/cm² peak 測定値 - -
電力密度 0.19 mW/cm² mean 測定値 - 10 µs
電力密度 0.37 mW/cm² mean 測定値 - 20 µs
電力密度 0.55 mW/cm² mean 測定値 - 30 µs
電力密度 0.93 mW/cm² mean 測定値 - 50 µs
電力密度 1.11 mW/cm² mean 測定値 - 60 µs
電力密度 1.29 mW/cm² mean 測定値 - 70 µs
Additional parameter details

Average power density was varied by varying the pulse width, while peak power density was held constant at 370 mW/cm².

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目／測定パラメータ／方法

研究対象とした生物試料:
研究対象とした臓器系:
  • 感覚器
調査の時期:
  • ばく露中

研究の主なアウトカム（著者による）

The perceived loudness of the radiofrequency sound and within the limitation of the radiofrequency parameters investigated here, is a function of peak power rather than average power. Calculations from the data presented indicate that in this particular study, the peak power required for perception is somewhat less than 80 mW/cm². A band of optimal pulse widths seems to exist for the effect and there are also radiofrequency modulation parameters that cause subjects to report hearing "sounds" with definite pitch and timbre characteristics.

研究の種別:

研究助成