Medical/biological study (experimental study)

Effect of ELF-EMF on number of apoptotic cells; correlation with reactive oxygen species and HSP med./bio.

By: Garip AI, Akan Z

Published in: Acta Biol Hung 2010; 61 (2): 158-167

Aim of study (acc. to author)

To study the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on the number of apoptotic cells of K562 cell line, subjected or not to oxidative stress (induced by hydrogen peroxide at the onset of exposure) and to correlate the data with heat-shock protein and reactive oxygen species levels.

Endpoint

molecular biosynthesis: reactive oxygen species and heat-shock protein determination
cell viability/cell division/proliferation: apoptosis

Exposure

Exposure	Parameters
Exposure 1: 50 Hz Exposure duration: continuous for 3 hr	magnetic flux density: 1 mT

General information

cells were treated in four groups: i) control ii) EMF expsoure iii) H₂O₂ treatment iv) H₂O₂ treatment + EMF exposure

Exposure 1

Main characteristics

Frequency	50 Hz
Type	magnetic field
Exposure duration	continuous for 3 hr

Exposure setup

Exposure source	solenoid
Setup	two 10 cm high solenoids with a diameter of 25 cm and 400 turns of copper wire each connected in series; cells kept in a 20 cm x 15 cm x 10 cm plastic chamber with constant temperature during exposure;

Parameters

Measurand	Value	Type	Method	Mass	Remarks
magnetic flux density	1 mT	-	measured	-	-

Exposed system:

intact cell/cell culture
K562 cells (human erythroleukemic cell line)

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

molecular biosynthesis: level of reactive oxygen species (via nitroblue tetrazolium) and heat-shock protein Hsp70 (Western blot)
cell viability/cell division/proliferation: apoptosis (annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide staining; flow cytometry), cell viability (Trypan blue exclusion assay)

Investigated system:

isolated bio./chem. substance
intact cell/cell culture

Time of investigation:

after exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

When K562 cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide alone the ratio of apoptotic cells increased by about 70% and cell viability decreased. A further increase in the number of apoptotic cells was observed upon extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure to hydrogen peroxide treated cells indicating that electromagnetic field acted as a co-stressor. Correspondingly, extremely low frequency electromagnetic field irradiation caused a slight decrease in cell viability of cells treated with hydrogen peroxide.
A 30% increase in reactive oxygen species levels in electromagnetic field exposed cells was observed (compared to the controls). This increase was larger than the increase induced by hydrogen peroxide alone. Electromagnetic field exposure caused a slight increase in reactive oxygen species levels of hydrogen peroxide treated cells compared with hydrogen peroxide alone (but this increase was not as high as the increase caused by the electromagnetic field exposure alone). These data indicate that extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure did not act synergistically with hydrogen peroxide.
Additionally, a significant increase in hsp70 expression was observed upon extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure of hydrogen peroxide treated cells compared with hydrogen peroxide treated cells alone. However, it was not statistically singificant compared with cells exposed to the electromagnetic field alone.

Study character:

medical/biological study
experimental study
full/main study

Study funded by

not stated/no funding

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