この研究は、水槽内のグッピー10ペア、ゼブラフィッシュ15ペアの運動軌跡を、携帯電話発生の無線周波電磁界（RF EMF）下で追跡・記録した。時系列の軌跡、速度・方向転換角度・曲折度の空間分布を分析した。RF EMFによる水温上昇には重要な影響はなかった。また給餌後、饑餓後による影響の違い調べた。ばく露には携帯電話を用い、その存在が見える状態でオン・オフの条件で実験した。結果として、群れおよび速度の分布にRF EMFの影響が見られたが、角度の分布には影響が無かった；RF EMF下での給餌後に移動行動は大きく変化した、と報告している。
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The effects of exposure to a 1800 MHz electromagnetic field on the locomotor activity of fish should be investigated.
20 guppies (Poecilia reticulata) and 30 zebrafish (Danio rerio) were placed in a fish tank (fish were kept together to avoid synchronized movements) and examined under 5 different conditions: 1) control group (no exposure, fish fed) 2) sham exposure (visual presence of the mobile phone in the tank, fish fed), 3) sham exposure, fish starved, 4) exposure to the electromagnetic field (mobile phone in the tank) and fish starved, 5) exposure to the electromagnetic field and fish fed.
| ばく露 | パラメータ |
|---|---|
|
ばく露1:
0 Hz–1,800 MHz
Modulation type:
pulsed
ばく露時間:
continuous for 3 minutes
|
|
| 周波数 | 0 Hz–1,800 MHz |
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| 波形 |
|
| ばく露時間 | continuous for 3 minutes |
| Additional information | + static magnetic field |
| Modulation type | pulsed |
|---|---|
| Repetition frequency | 217 Hz |
| Additional information |
GSM modulation |
| ばく露の発生源／構造 |
|
|---|---|
| チャンバの詳細 | glass fish tank (41 x 33 x 27 cm3); three sides of the glass tank were covered with white paper to avoid visual distractions and insulate thermal conduction; the top was uncovered for light and the front was uncovered for recording the movement of the fish |
| ばく露装置の詳細 | the cell phone that was sealed in a plastic (polyethylene) bag and was merged to the left side of a fish tank, a wired earphone and a microphone were connected to control the act of turning-on and turning-off the cell phone; the battery part of cell phone was placed more than 12 cm below the water surface, and the antenna was merged about 9 cm underneath of water surface (to minimize the acoustic noise and static field); the top portion (location of speaker) was placed partially above water surface; cell phone was set on silent mode without vibration; a static magnetic field was generated by part of the speaker (top portion of the cellular phone that was placed partially above the water surface) when phone was turned on |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| 測定量 | 値 | 種別 | Method | Mass | 備考 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 磁束密度 | 195 µT | maximum | 測定値 | - | signal on, in air, 1 cm distance to the mobile phone |
| 磁束密度 | 88 µT | minimum | 測定値 | - | signal on, in air, 4 cm distance to the mobile phone |
| 磁束密度 | 121 µT | maximum | 測定値 | - | signal on, in water, 1 cm distance to the mobile phone |
| 磁束密度 | 45 µT | minimum | 測定値 | - | signal on, in water, 1 cm distance to the mobile phone |
| SAR | 0.9 W/kg | - | 推定値 | - | - |
| 磁束密度 | 53 µT | - | 測定値 | - | ± 2 µT; static magentic field from speaker; in air, 3 cm distance to the mobile phone |
The results showed that the fish reacted positively or negatively to the electromagnetic field depending on their feeding status: when fed they avoided the mobile phone, when starved they approached.
The authors conclude that exposure of small fish to a GSM 1800 MHz electromagnetic field could affect the locomotor activity depending on the feeding status.
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