この研究は、ヒツジ赤血球（SRBC）を、膜貫通アニオン輸送タンパク質（バンド3）に特異的なコンカナバリンA-ルミノール-ウシ血清アルブミン結合体で標識し、連続波マイクロ波放射（2450 MHz、SAR = 91 W / kg）に10分間ばく露させて、赤血球の酸化酵素への影響の有無を調べた。また、気流による熱交換システムを使用して、温度を25、37、40、42、または45 ℃一定に保つ実験も行った。マイクロ波または空気加熱へのばく露後、残留塩基により活性化される化学発光（CL）測定を利用して、SRBC内の酸化酵素活性を測定した。その結果、空気加熱は、37 °Cを上回る温度で残留CLが有意に減少させた（45 °Cで74 %減少）；マイクロ波放射は、37 °Cを上回る温度での残留CLの減少傾向を阻止した（45 °Cで40 %）、と報告している。この知見は、マイクロ波放射が、ヘモグロビンと酸素の結合の熱力学を可逆的に変化させるか、また、ヘモグロビンの自動的酸化の熱閾値までヘモグロビン分子にエネルギー供給できなかったことが示唆されると、著者は解釈を述べている。
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To study the effects of 2450 MHz microwave irradiation on oxidation/autoxidation processes in erythrocytes in sheep red blood cells (SRBCs)
The sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) were labelled with a concanavalin A-luminol-bovine serum albumin conjugate specific for the transmembrane anion transport protein (Band 3; i.e. the conjugate binds to Band 3). The band 3 transmembrane protein is the predominant membrane transport protein in red blood cells and plays a central role in structure and function of those cells.
The authors consider a mechanism involving the anion (superoxide) channel (composed of dimeric units of the transmembrane protein Band 3) and membrane-associated haemoglobin and enzymes.
Following exposure to microwave or air heating, the decrease in residual chemiluminescence was measured as an indication of oxidase activity (important in the oxygen release process from haemoglobin). The source of the chemiluminescence is the oxidation of luminol (of the conjugate) by superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and, perhaps, hydroxyl-free radical formed during the thermally induced autoxidation of oxyhaemoglobin; superoxide escapes the erythrocytes through the anion channel (composed of dimeric units of the transmembrane protein Band 3; see above).
The temperature was held constant at 25, 37, 40, 42 or 45°C.
| ばく露 | パラメータ |
|---|---|
|
ばく露1:
2.45 GHz
Modulation type:
CW
ばく露時間:
10 min
|
|
Air heating resulted in a significant decrease in residual chemiluminescence at temperatures above 37°C. Microwave radiation inhibited the decline in residual chemiluminescence above 37°C (at 45°C the inhibition was 40%).
The results suggest microwave irradiation either reversibly altered the thermodynamics of oxygen binding to haemoglobin or failed to energize a significant portion of the haemoglobin molecules to the thermal threshold of haemoglobin autoxidation.
The release of superoxide and peroxides from red blood cells in small blood vessels subjected to hyperthermia could result in oedema and an influx of granulocytes into surrounding tissues. Microwave radiation, with exposure parameters based on these results, is expected to minimize these effects.
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