Medical/biological study (experimental study)

Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon-gamma production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed in vitro to sinusoidal 50 Hz magnetic fields med./bio.

By: Petrini C, Dupuis ML, Polichetti A, Ramoni C, Vecchia P

Published in: Bioelectrochem Bioenerg 1997; 44 (1): 121-125

Aim of study (acc. to author)

To study the tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon-gamma production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed in vitro to sinusoidal 50 Hz magnetic fields after stimulation by means of different inducers (phytohemagglutinin, ionomycin, monoclonal antibody OKT3).

Endpoint

effects on the immune system: cytokine production (tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon-gamma)

Exposure

Exposure	Parameters
Exposure 1: 50 Hz Modulation type: CW Exposure duration: 1, 2, or 3 days	magnetic flux density: 0.2 mT minimum magnetic flux density: 1 mT magnetic flux density: 2 mT maximum

Exposure 1

Main characteristics

Frequency	50 Hz
Type	magnetic field
Waveform	sinusoidal
Exposure duration	1, 2, or 3 days

Modulation

Modulation type	CW

Exposure setup

Exposure source	Helmholtz coils pair of H.-coils 30cm diameter, 100 turns, 30 cm apart, in incubator

Parameters

Measurand	Value	Type	Method	Mass	Remarks
magnetic flux density	0.2 mT	minimum	measured	-	-
magnetic flux density	1 mT	-	measured	-	-
magnetic flux density	2 mT	maximum	measured	-	-

Additional parameter details

unexposed in mumetal cylinder

Exposed system:

intact cell/cell culture
human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

effects on the immune system: tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma-production (ELISA)

Investigated system:

isolated bio./chem. substance

Time of investigation:

after exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

No effects on interferon-gamma production were found, while a decrease in tumor necrosis factor alpha production by exposed cells is revealed in different experimental conditions: The effect was observed both with spontaneous and with mitogen-induced cytokine production, with different time of culture and exposure, with different magnetic flux densities, and with different kind of mitogens.

Study character:

medical/biological study
experimental study
full/main study

Study funded by

not stated/no funding

Fan W et al. (2015): 50 Hz electromagnetic field exposure promotes proliferation and cytokine production of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Salehi I et al. (2013): Exposure of rats to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) alters cytokines production
de Kleijn S et al. (2011): Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure does not modulate toll-like receptor signaling in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Selmaoui B et al. (2011): Acute exposure to 50-Hz magnetic fields increases interleukin-6 in young healthy men
Kaszuba-Zwoinska J et al. (2008): Magnetic field anti-inflammatory effects in Crohn's disease depends upon viability and cytokine profile of the immune competent cells
Frahm J et al. (2006): Alteration in cellular functions in mouse macrophages after exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields
Ushiyama A et al. (2004): Subchronic effects on leukocyte-endothelial interactions in mice by whole body exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields
Ikeda K et al. (2003): No effects of extremely low frequency magnetic fields found on cytotoxic activities and cytokine production of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro
Cossarizza A et al. (1993): Exposure to low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields increases interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Cossarizza A et al. (1989): Extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields increase interleukin-2 (IL-2) utilization and IL-2 receptor expression in mitogen-stimulated human lymphocytes from old subjects