The mice were continuously exposed or sham exposed from conception for two generations to magnetic fields varying between 0.5 and 77 µT. Two generations of the mice were used and each generation consisted of ten pairs (both groups). Each pair was allowed eight litters. At the age of three month, sperm counts were performed on male offspring selected from these litters conceived and born in the field (each group n=8).
two sets of four square coils perpendicular to each other; mice kept in 33 cm x 13 cm x 15 cm Perspex cages with cork flakes as bedding; field uniformity 0.2 % in the center of the coil system
Park S et al.
(2018):
The effect of 20-week continuous 60 Hz magnetic field exposure on testicular function in sprague-dawley rats.
Ruan G et al.
(2018):
Power-frequency magnetic fields at 50 Hz do not affect fertility and development in rats and mice.
Kim HS et al.
(2014):
Continuous exposure to 60 Hz magnetic fields induces duration- and dose-dependent apoptosis of testicular germ cells.
Hajhosseini L et al.
(2013):
Effect of rosmarinic acid on sertoli cells apoptosis and serum antioxidant levels in rats after exposure to electromagnetic fields.
Tenorio BM et al.
(2012):
Evaluation of testicular degeneration induced by low-frequency electromagnetic fields.
Saadeldin IM et al.
(2011):
Effects of exposure to 50 Hz, 1 Gauss magnetic field on reproductive traits in male albino rats.
Tenorio BM et al.
(2011):
Testicular development evaluation in rats exposed to 60 Hz and 1 mT electromagnetic field.
Rajaei F et al.
(2010):
Effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field on fertility and heights of epithelial cells in pre-implantation stage endometrium and fallopian tube in mice.
Rajaei F et al.
(2009):
Effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic field on mouse epididymis and deferens ducts.
Geng D et al.
(2009):
Effects of Electromagnetic Field of UHV Transmission Lines Exposure on Testis Tissue in Mice
Kim YW et al.
(2009):
Effects of 60 Hz 14 microT magnetic field on the apoptosis of testicular germ cell in mice.
Khaki AA et al.
(2008):
The effects of electromagnetic field on the microstructure of seminal vesicles in rat: a light and transmission electron microscope study.
Al-Akhras MA
(2008):
Influence of 50 Hz magnetic field on sex hormones and body, uterine, and ovarian weights of adult female rats.
Farkhad SA et al.
(2007):
Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on testes in guinea pig.
Al-Akhras MA et al.
(2006):
Influence of 50 Hz magnetic field on sex hormones and other fertility parameters of adult male rats.
Akdag Z et al.
(2006):
Effect of ELF magnetic fields on lipid peroxidation, sperm count, p53, and trace elements.
Chung MK et al.
(2005):
Evaluation of spermatogenesis and fertility in F1 male rats after in utero and neonatal exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields.
Khaki AA et al.
(2004):
Effect of electromagnetic field on sertoli cell of rat testes: A light and transmission electron microscope study.
Ramadan LA et al.
(2002):
Testicular Toxicity Effects of Magnetic Field Exposure and Prophylactic Role of Coenzyme Q10 and L-Carnitine in Mice.
Elbetieha A et al.
(2002):
Long-term exposure of male and female mice to 50 Hz magnetic field: effects on fertility.
Al-Akhras MA et al.
(2001):
Effects of extremely low frequency magnetic field on fertility of adult male and female rats.
De Vita R et al.
(1995):
Effects of 50 Hz magnetic fields on mouse spermatogenesis monitored by flow cytometric analysis.