Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on magnetic power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

2041 studies in total
  1. 763 studies
  2. 631 studies
  3. 511 studies
  4. 413 studies
  5. 328 studies
  6. 207 studies

Cells

511 studies in total
  1. 251 studies
  2. 125 studies
  3. 98 studies
  4. 89 studies
  5. 86 studies
  6. 67 studies
  7. 7 studies

Cell cycle 67 studies in total

Authors Year Exposed system Parameters Magnetic flux density/field strength
Solek P et al. 2018 - 50/60 Hz, magnetic field -
Salinas-Asensio MM et al. 2019 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency, signals/pulses, co-exposure, therapeutic/medical device -
Yadamani S et al. 2020 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure -
Xu A et al. 2020 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency -
Alipour M et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells (BMSCs) static magnetic field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure -
Ramazi S et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line) and HFF cells (human foreskin fibroblast cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure -
Sendera A et al. 2024 intact cell/cell culture, human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency -
Eremenko T et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, Friend erythroleukemia cell line (clone 745 A) magnetic field, geomagnetic field, 50/60 Hz, shielding/field deprivation 0.0025 nT–70 µT
Reipert BM et al. 1996 intact cell/cell culture, FDCP-mix(A4) cell line (mouse bone marrow cells) magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, shielding/field deprivation 0.2–65 µT
Dees C et al. 1996 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 and T-47D cell lines (human breast cancer cell lines) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1.2–900 µT
Brisdelli F et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, K562 cells (human erythroleukemic cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.01–2 mT
Cridland NA et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, HF-19 cells (human fetal lung fibroblasts) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 20 µT–20 mT
Mannerling AC et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, K562 cells (human erythroleukemic cell line) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.025–0.1 mT
Saalman E et al. 1991 intact cell/cell culture, V79 (Chinese hamster fibroblast cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 30 µT
Marron MT et al. 1975 intact cell/cell culture, slime mold microplasmodia and macroplasmodia (<i>Physarum polycephalum</i>) electric field, magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 40–200 µT
Tokalov SV et al. 2003 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 60 µT
Tokalov SV et al. 2003 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 cells (human acute myeloid leukaemia cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure 60 µT
Martinez MA et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, NB69 cells (human neuroblastoma cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100 µT
Luukkonen J et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100 µT
Wang Y et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, human ventricular cardiomyocytes cell line (AC16), animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body 50/60 Hz, magnetic field 100 µT
Cohen MM et al. 1986 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood and 5 lymphoblastoid cell lines (normal - GM 1525, ataxia telangiectasia - GM 1525, xeroderma pigmentosum - D 7031, Bloom syndrome - GM 4408, Fanconi anemia - HSC 230) electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.1–0.2 mT
Cohen MM et al. 1986 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood lymphocytes electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 100–200 µT
Markkanen A et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, L929 cells (murine fibroblast cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100–300 µT
Rosenthal M et al. 1989 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.1–7.5 mT
Markkanen A et al. 2001 yeast (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>/SEy2101a) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 120 µT
Goodman EM et al. 1976 intact cell/cell culture, slime mold microplasmodia (<i>Physarum polycephalum</i>, line M<sub>3</sub>C VI) electric field, magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 200 µT
Koh EK et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, different human prostate carcinoma cell lines (DU145, LNCaP, PC3) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line 0.2–2.5 mT
Livingston GK et al. 1991 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood lymphocytes and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electric current application 0.22 mT
Ruiz-Gomez MJ et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, yeast (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>)/WS8105-1C (genotype <i>MATalpha, ade2, arg4-17, trp1-289, ura3-52</i>: a marker which stains the colonies red) magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC 0.35–2.45 mT
Denaro V et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture low frequency, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz, magnetic field 0.4 mT
Zhong C et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, mesenchymal bone marrow stem cells of mice (rat?, remark EMF-Portal: contradictory information) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.5 mT
Wolf FI et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells); WI-38 (embryonic human lung fibroblasts); Rat-1 (rat fibroblasts) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 500 µT–1 mT
Ma Q et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, embryonic neural stem cells (mouse/BALB/c) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.5–2 mT
Gaafar RM et al. 2018 plant, broad Bean (<i>Vicia faba</i>) 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, magnetic field, electric field 720–4,051 µT
Richard D et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture, human diploid amniotic fluid cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Lange S et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture, human diploid amniotic fluid cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Lange S et al. 2004 intact cell/cell culture, human amniotic fluid cells (AFC) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF 1 mT
Marcantonio P et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, BE(2)C cells (human neuroblastoma cells) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Giorgi G et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, human neuroblastoma cell line (BE(2)C) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Delle Monache S et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and mouse pancreatic endothelial cell line (MS-1) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 1–2 mT
Jin H et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, L123 cells (human lung epithelial cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1–2 mT
Liu Y et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, GC-2 cells (murine spermatocyte-derived cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1–3 mT
Khalil AM et al. 1991 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz 1.05 mT
Huang CY et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, HaCaT cells (human keratinocytes) partially transfected with CHK2 siRNA magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, shielding/field deprivation 1.5 mT
Huang CY et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, human epidermal keratinocytes (derived from neonatal foreskin) and HaCaT cells (human keratinocytes) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1.5 mT
Rapley BI et al. 1998 plant, broad bean (<i>Vicia faba</i> L.) (seedlings) magnetic field, static magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 1.5–5 mT
Schimmelpfeng J et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, SV40-swiss-3T3 cells (mouse fibroblast cell line) and HL-60 cells (human acute myeloid leukaemia cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Schimmelpfeng J 1997 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 2 mT
Schimmelpfeng J et al. 1993 intact cell/cell culture, SV40-swiss-3T3 cells (mouse fibroblast cell line) electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Harris PA et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture, HeLa S3 (human cervical carcinoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 mT