Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on magnetic power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

2043 studies in total
  1. 764 studies
  2. 632 studies
  3. 511 studies
  4. 413 studies
  5. 328 studies
  6. 207 studies

Cell functions

328 studies in total
  1. 122 studies
  2. 101 studies
  3. 84 studies
  4. 67 studies

General cell functions 122 studies in total

Authors Year Exposed system Parameters Magnetic flux density/field strength
Zhang J et al. 2016 bacterium, <i>alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus</i> H1S-33 magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.1–1.5 mT
Lee YJ et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells derived from mice (C57/BL6 mice and Foxp3-GFP mice) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.3 mT
Lövsund P et al. 1979 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Takahashi M et al. 2017 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Consales C et al. 2018 intact cell/cell culture, human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) and mouse primary cortical neurons (PCN) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Patruno A et al. 2018 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Choe M et al. 2018 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Shi Z 2019 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Escobar JF et al. 2020 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Wu J et al. 2021 bacterium, composting material including bacteria magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Choi JH et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, human hair bulb spheroid and hair follicle cultures magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Grygorcewicz B et al. 2022 bacterium, <i>Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus</i> magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Bubanja IN et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, yeast (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Kobayashi-Sun J et al. 2024 isolated organ, zebrafish and goldfisch scales, animal, zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Jandova A et al. 2005 isolated antigens in T cell suspensions magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC, static magnetic field 0.05–0.1 mT
Price JA et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, peritoneal mast cells (from Sprague-Dawley outbred rats) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 5 mT
Schimmelpfeng J 1997 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 2 mT
Tao Q et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100 µT
Petrini C et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.2–2 mT
Golfert F et al. 2001 intact cell/cell culture, astrocytes (from neonatal rat brain) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100–200 µT
Capri M et al. 2004 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.05–2.5 mT
Khadir R et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, neutrophils (from human venous blood) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.1–44 mT
Cocek A et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood T lymphocytes magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.01–10 mT
Reale M et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Kapri-Pardes E et al. 2017 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure -
Shibaki R et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, MES-SA and MES-SA/DxS cells (human uterine sarcoma cell lines) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF -
Konopacki M et al. 2022 bacterium, <i>Komagataeibacter xylinus</i> magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, intermediate frequency -
Ambalayam S et al. 2022 animal, rat/Wistar magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency -
Kim SJ et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, mouse/macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency, co-exposure 0.8 mT
Ikeda K et al. 2003 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line 100 µT–485 mT
Woods M et al. 2000 intact cell/cell culture, DT40 (chicken lymphoma B-cells) and NALM-6 cells (B cell precursor leukemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, shielding/field deprivation 46–100 µT
Dibirdik I et al. 2000 intact cell/cell culture, DT40 (chicken lymphoma B-cells) and NALM-6 cells (B cell precursor leukemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, shielding/field deprivation 100 µT
Wang X et al. 2008 bacterium, <i>Magnetospirillum magneticum</i>/AMB-1 magnetic field, geomagnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0–1 mT
Simko M et al. 2001 intact cell/cell culture, macrophages (mouse) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 1.5 mT
Sakurai T et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, HIT-T15 cells (hamster-derived insulin-secreting cell line) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 5 mT
Sun W et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, FL cells (human amniotic cells) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.05–0.4 mT
Goodman R et al. 2009 invertebrate, head and tail portions of planarian/<i>Dugesia dorotocethala</i> magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 8–9.5 µT
Frahm J et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, murine bone marrow-derived macrophages magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Saito A et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture, P19 cells (mouse embryonal carcinoma cells) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 1–10 mT
Morabito C et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, C2C12 cells (undifferentiated myoblasts and differentiated myotubes) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.1–1 mT
Di Campli E et al. 2010 bacterium, <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Yan J et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, human mesenchymal stem cells magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 20 mT
Gao M et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, <i>Aspergillus niger</i> magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.2–1 mT
Morabito C et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, PC-12 cells magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.1–1 mT
Moghadam MK et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, neuron units magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 207.2 µT
Hwang YH et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, RBL-2H3 (rat basophilic leukemia cells) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.1–1 mT
Iorio R et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, C2C12 cells (undifferentiated mouse myoblasts) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Su L et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, U251 and A127 (human glioblastoma cell lines), SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line), rat astrocytes, rat microglia, primary cortical neurons (of rat) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Racuciu M 2020 plant, tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz -
Parkinson WC et al. 1992 intact cell/cell culture, diatom (<i>Amphora coffeiformis</i>) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, DC, static magnetic field 20.9–85 µT