Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on magnetic power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

2041 studies in total
  1. 763 studies
  2. 631 studies
  3. 511 studies
  4. 413 studies
  5. 328 studies
  6. 207 studies

DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress

631 studies in total
  1. 253 studies
  2. 211 studies
  3. 182 studies
  4. 47 studies

Genotoxicity 211 studies in total

Authors Year Exposed system Parameters Magnetic flux density/field strength
Nordenson I et al. 1984 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood, human, whole body electric field, magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation -
Bauchinger M et al. 1981 human, whole body electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational -
Valjus J et al. 1993 human, whole body electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, occupational -
Erdal N et al. 2005 human, whole body electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, occupational -
Khalil AM et al. 1993 human, whole body electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, occupational -
Tiwari R et al. 2015 human, whole body electric field, magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational -
Shen Y et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, CHL (Chinese hamster lung) cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Zhang Y et al. 2016 human electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, occupational, co-exposure -
Giorgi G et al. 2017 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, signals/pulses, co-exposure -
Höytö A et al. 2017 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure -
Mahmoudinasab H et al. 2018 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure -
Gadhia P et al. 2010 human, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, co-exposure -
Maes A et al. 2015 - 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, low frequency -
Yuan LQ et al. 2020 intact cell/cell culture, human nephroblastoma cell line G401, human embryonic renal epithelial cell line HEK293, human lung cancer cell line A549, human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B, human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901, human gastric epithelial cell line GES-1, human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1, human pancreatic ductal epithelial cell line HPDE6-C7, wild-type (WT) mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells, NBS1-/-MEF and MDC1-/-MEF cells static magnetic field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure -
Mustafa E et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field -
Panjali Z et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, A549 (human lung cancer cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure -
Nieminen V et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line) static magnetic field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF -
Shabrangi A et al. 2011 plant, maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz -
Nguyen H et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, TK6 cells (lymphoblastoma cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Abdelhaliem EM et al. 2022 plant, maize (<i>Zea mais</i>) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field -
Heredia-Rojas JA et al. 2017 mouse/BALB/c magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF -
Verschaeve L et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, human hepatic C3A cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency -
Heredia-Rojas JA et al. 2018 animal, mouse/BALB/c magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation -
Budak M et al. 2023 animal, rat/Wistar magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency -
Ignataviciene I et al. 2024 plant, <i>Lemna minor</i> L. (duckweed) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field -
Li Y et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, culture medium, K562 and HEL 92.1.7 cells (human erythroleukemic cell lines), MCF-7 cells (human breast cancer cell line), NCI-H460 cells (human lung cancer cell line), Colo 320 DM cells (human colon carcinoma cell line) magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, shielding/field deprivation 4 nT–74 µT
Villarini M et al. 2015 human magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, high volt./current device/welder, occupational 0.03–170.78 µT
Dominici L et al. 2011 human, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, high volt./current device/welder, occupational 0.03–345.06 µT
Luceri C et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture, yeast (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>/strain DBY747) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.1–100 µT
Abramsson-Zetterberg L et al. 2001 animal, mouse/CBA/Ca, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 100 nT–14 mT
Lai H et al. 1997 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 140 nT–0.5 mT
Lagroye I et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, rat tracheal epithelium cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.2–100 µT
Fiorani M et al. 1992 intact cell/cell culture, human myeloid leukemia cell line (K-562) electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.2–200 µT
Cantoni O et al. 1996 intact cell/cell culture, CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells, CCRF-CEM cells (human acute T-lymphoblastoid leukemia) and Mc Coy cells (mouse fibroblast cell line) electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.2 µT–0.2 mT
Cantoni O et al. 1995 intact cell/cell culture, CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells, CCRF-CEM cells (human acute T-lymphoblastoid leukemia) and Mc Coy cells (mouse fibroblast cell line) electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.2–200 µT
Novelli G et al. 1991 intact cell/cell culture, <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>/AB 1380 electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.2–200 µT
Regoli F et al. 2005 invertebrate, land snail (<i>Helix aspersa</i>), whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line 0.5–50 µT
Nafziger J et al. 1993 intact cell/cell culture, V79 cell line (Chinese hamster embryonic lung fibroblasts) and virus-transformed human lymphoblastiod cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1–10 µT
Wahab MA et al. 2007 intact cell/cell culture magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 µT–1 mT
Dees C et al. 1996 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 and T-47D cell lines (human breast cancer cell lines) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1.2–900 µT
Skyberg K et al. 2001 human, whole body electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, electrical substation, occupational, co-exposure 3 µT–7 mT
Zendehdel R et al. 2019 human magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational 4–50 µT
Okudan N et al. 2010 animal, mouse/Swiss albino, whole body magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 5 µT
Rajendra P et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, sheep primary lymphocytes 50/60 Hz, magnetic field 5–100 µT
Maes A et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, C3A cells (clonal derivative of Hep G2, a human liver carcinoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 5–500 µT
Svedenstal BM et al. 1999 animal, mouse/CBA/Ca, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line 8 µT
Kesari KK et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y cells (human neuroblastoma cell line) and C6 (rat glioma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 10–30 µT
Wilson JW et al. 2014 animal, mouse/BALB/c Œ CBA/Ca F1 hybrid, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 10–300 µT
Lai H et al. 2004 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 10–500 µT
Jin YB et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblasts) and WI38 cells (human lung fibroblasts), normal and transfected with a c-Myc-containing vector or with an empty vetor magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.01–1 mT