この研究は、肝吸虫の宿主肝臓内繁殖に対する超低周波磁界（ELFMF：50Hz、2.0mT）の影響を調べた、コシダカヒメモノアラガイを4群に分け（各群n=10）、I、II群は蛭肝の繊毛幼虫に通常感染、III、IV群は14日間ELFMFばく露下で培養した卵から発育した繊毛幼虫に感染させた。感染後、IIおよびIV群にはELFMFばく露を36日間与え、IおよびIII群は無ばく露対照群とした。その結果、感染後36日目において、宿主の肝臓から得られた肝吸虫の数に、I群とII、III、IV群の間に有意差はなかった；III群とIV群の間には有意差が見られ、胚形成期と幼虫発育期のばく露が肝吸虫減少に役割を持つことが示唆された、と報告している。
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The effects of exposure to a 50 Hz magnetic field on the development of the liver fluke during embryogenesis and during larval development in snails should be investigated.
The snail Galba truncatula is the main intermediate host for the common liver fluke Fasciola hepatica.
Liver fluke eggs were either exposed or not exposed to the magnetic field. Subsequently, snails were either infected with larvae hatched from exposed or from non-exposed eggs and were divided into 4 groups (n=10 snails each): 1) infection with exposed larvae and exposure to the magnetic field, 2) infection with exposed larvae and no exposure to the magnetic field, 3) infection with non-exposed larvae and exposure to the magnetic field, 4) infection with non-exposed larvae and no exposure to the magnetic field (control group).
Cercariae are one type of fluke larvae, which are characterized by a tail for movement. When the tail is thrown off and the larvae encyst inside a host, they are called metacercariae.
on day 15 of incubation of fluke eggs, after exposing the eggs from the two cultures to light for 1 h, the resultant miracidia were used for the infection of the snails
| 周波数 | 50 Hz |
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| 波形 |
|
| ばく露時間 | for 14 days |
| Additional information | liver fluke eggs |
| ばく露の発生源／構造 | |
|---|---|
| チャンバの詳細 | petri dishes |
| ばく露装置の詳細 | eggs were incubated in tap water at 24°C in darkness; dishes were placed in inside solenoid of 24 cm diameter and 16 cm length producing a vertical field; solenoids were mounted on a wooden frame surrounding a cork-jacketed cylinder into which the crystallizers containing eggs or snails were placed |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| Additional information | the control eggs and control snails were placed in a non-active solenoid, in which the wire was spooled in a specific way, i.e. each wire loop had the corresponding loop with current flow in the opposite direction; an additional resistance adjusted the current so that it was the same as in the active solenoid; this setup resulted in the total attenuation of the magnetic field; the thermal effect was the same in both exposure and control conditions |
| 測定量 | 値 | 種別 | Method | Mass | 備考 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 磁束密度 | 2 mT | effective value | 測定値 | - | - |
| 周波数 | 50 Hz |
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| 波形 |
|
| ばく露時間 | for 36 days |
| Additional information | infected snails |
| ばく露の発生源／構造 |
|
|---|---|
| チャンバの詳細 | difference to exposure 1: beakers instead of petri dishes for exposure |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| 測定量 | 値 | 種別 | Method | Mass | 備考 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 磁束密度 | 2 mT | effective value | 測定値 | - | - |
The first metacercariae were detected after 35 days of exposure in groups 1-3 (all except control group, no specifications on significance). After 36 days of exposure the only statistically significant difference was found between groups 1 and 2 with significantly more fluke larvae in group 2 (infection with exposed larvae and no exposure of snails) compared to group 1 (infection with exposed larvae and exposure of snails).
The authors conclude that the duration of exposure to a 50 Hz magnetic field (i.e. embryogenesis period vs. the entire larval development) might play a role in the development of liver fluke larvae.
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