Study overviews

Mobile phone related articles are

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on mobile communications

1699 studies in total
  1. Health
    738 studies
  2. DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress
    563 studies
  3. Brain
    512 studies
  4. Cells
    221 studies
  5. Other
    204 studies
  6. Cell functions
    118 studies

Brain

512 studies in total
  1. Others (brain related)
    154 studies
  2. Brain activity/EEG/evoked potentials
    148 studies
  3. Cognitive, psychomotor, or memory functions
    142 studies
  4. Brain metabolism
    80 studies
  5. Sleep
    35 studies
  6. Blood-brain barrier permeability
    35 studies
  7. Cerebral blood flow
    18 studies

Others (brain related) 154 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Zheng R et al. 2023 animal, mouse/C57BL/6 N - 2,650 MHz - - mobile communications, 5G
Zufry H et al. 2023 animal, rat/Wistar - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, 4G, LTE
Islam MS et al. 2023 animal, chicken eggs (Indian River) - 2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G
El-Kafoury BMA et al. 2023 animal, rat/ Wistar - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Khayat S et al. 2023 animal, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i>) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field
Mohamed H et al. 2024 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Zhou GQ et al. 2024 animal, C57BL/6 mouse - 3.5 GHz - - mobile communications, 5G, PW pulsed wave
Hajinejad M et al. 2024 animal, mouse/BALB/c - 2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Woelders H et al. 2017 animal, chicken/Leghorn (eggs), whole body embryonic development 1.8 GHz 0.38–0.45 mW/kg 22 days mobile communications, GSM, UMTS, TDMA, FDMA, RF field, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi
Megha K et al. 2015 animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body neurotransmitter levels and its regulation in the brain of rats 900 MHz 0.5835–0.5953 mW/kg 2 hours per day, 5 days per week mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field
Deshmukh PS et al. 2016 animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body Hsp70 protein expression and DNA damage, learning and spatial memory 900 MHz 0.5835–0.6672 mW/kg 2 hours/day, 5 days/week for 90 days mobile communications, mobile phone, microwaves, low level microwaves, W-LAN/WiFi, RF field, CW continuous wave
Grafstrom G et al. 2008 animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body neuronal damage, blood-brain barrier permeability and effects on ageing process and memory 900 MHz 0.6–60 mW/kg 2 hr/week for 55 weeks mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Falcioni L et al. 2018 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body brain and heart tumors 1,835 MHz 0.001–0.1 W/kg 19 h/day, 7 days/week from 12th day of gestation until natural death (up to 152 weeks) mobile communications, mobile phone base station, GSM
Yilmaz A et al. 2014 animal, rat/Wistar albino, partial body: head - 1,900–2,100 MHz 0.004–0.288 W/kg - mobile phone, mobile communications
Aslan A et al. 2017 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body cerebellar morphology 900 MHz 0.01 W/kg 1 hour/day for 25 consecutive days mobile communications, mobile phone
Bas O et al. 2009 animal, rat/Wistar albino, partial body: head number of pyramidal cells in the Cornu Ammonis 900 MHz 0.016–2 W/kg 1 h/day for 28 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Sonmez OF et al. 2010 animal, rat/Wistar albino, partial body: head number of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum 900 MHz 0.016–2 W/kg continuous for 1h/day for 28 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Guler G et al. 2016 animal, rabbit/New Zealand White, whole body - 1,800 MHz 18 mW/kg - GSM, mobile communications
Sahin A et al. 2015 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body - 900 MHz 0.024 W/kg - mobile phone, mobile communications
Dasdag S et al. 2015 animal, rat/ Wistar albino, partial body: head microRNA expression in the brain 900 MHz 0.0369–2.023 W/kg continuous for 3 h/day on 7 days/week for 12 months GSM, mobile communications
Crouzier D et al. 2007 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body effects on cholinergic system 1.8 GHz 0.048–0.53 W/kg continuous for 24 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Inomata-Terada S et al. 2007 human, partial body: head (left side) effects on motor cortex 800 MHz 0.054 W/kg continuous for 30 min digital mobile phone, TDMA, mobile communications, TMS (transcranial stimulation)
Sokolovic D et al. 2008 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body oxidative stress in the brain 900 MHz 0.135 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day, for 20, 40, and 60 days digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
de Gannes FP et al. 2009 animal, rat/Fischer 344, partial body: head permeability of blood-brain barrier and neuron degeneration 900 MHz 0.14–2 W/kg continuous for 2 hr mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Fritze K et al. 1997 animal, rat/Wistar, partial body: head degenerative processes in the brain 890–900 MHz 0.17–17.5 W/kg continuous for 4 h GSM, mobile communications
Arendash GW et al. 2012 animal, mouse/56.25% C57, 12.5% B6, 18.75% SJL, and 12.5% Swiss-Webster - 918 MHz 0.25–1.05 W/kg 2 h/day (early morning and late afternoon) for 2 months (study I) or 12 days (study II) mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave, therapeutic/medical device
Kumlin T et al. 2007 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body brain development 900 MHz 0.3–3 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 2 h/day, 5 days/week, for 5 weeks digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Esmekaya MA et al. 2016 animal, mouse/Swiss albino, whole body oxidative stress in the brain 900 MHz 0.301–0.367 W/kg continuous for 15 minutes and 30 minutes mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Ushiyama A et al. 2007 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley effects on blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier permeability 1.5 GHz 0.5–10.4 W/kg continuous for 30 min PDC, TDMA, mobile communications
Dasdag S et al. 2004 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body fatty acid composition in phospholipids, malondialdehyde concentration, p53 immune reactivity and histological structure of the brain 890–915 MHz 0.52–3.13 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 20 min/day for 1 month GSM, mobile communications
Hussein S et al. 2016 animal, rat changes and damage in the rat brain 1,800 MHz 0.6 W/kg continuous for 120 min/day for three months mobile phone, mobile communications
Umur AS et al. 2013 animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn (eggs), whole body development of the neural tube - 0.77 W/kg standby mode for 30, 48 or 72 hours mobile phone, mobile communications
Carballo-Quintas M et al. 2011 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body clinical signs of seizure or jerks; c-fos and GFAP expression in the brain 900 MHz 0.78–4.47 W/kg continuous for 2 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves, PW pulsed wave, co-exposure
Ragbetli MC et al. 2010 animal, mouse/Swiss albino, whole body number of Purkinje cells and granule cells in the developing cerebellum 890–915 MHz 0.95 W/kg continuous for 12 hr/day - 11 hr + 45 min. in stand-by mode, 15 min. in talking mode - for 19 - 20 days druing gestation digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Saikhedkar N et al. 2014 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body structure and function of the rat brain and oxidative stress 900 MHz 0.99 W/kg continuous for 4 h/day for 15 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Narayanan SN et al. 2015 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body neural structure of the hippocampus, learning and spatial memory 900 MHz 1.15 W/kg continuous for 1 h/day for 28 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field
Khadrawy VA et al. 2009 animal, rat/albino - 900 MHz 1.165 W/kg continuous for 1 h/day for up to 4 months mobile phone, mobile communications
Ragbetli MC et al. 2009 animal, mouse/Swiss albino, whole body number of pyramidal cells in the Cornu Ammonis 890–915 MHz 1.2 W/kg 12 hr/day for 19 - 20 days (gestation period) + 20 days after birth (female offspring only) mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Anane R et al. 2003 animal, rat/Lewis, partial body: head experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) crisis 900 MHz 1.5–6 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 2 h/day for 21 days GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Kim TH et al. 2008 animal, mouse/C57BL, partial body: head effects on the brain (cell proliferation, cell death / apoptosis, distribution of neurons and glia cells) 849 MHz 1.55–7.8 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day, 5 days/week, for 6 or 12 months digital mobile phone, PCS, CDMA, mobile communications
Narayanan SN et al. 2014 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body oxidative stress in the brain 890–915 MHz 1.58 W/kg intermittent for 1 h/day for 28 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Maskey D et al. 2013 animal, mouse/ICR, whole body immunoreactivity of calcium binding proteins in the brain 835 MHz 1.6 W/kg 5 h/day for 30 consecutive days mobile phone, CDMA, mobile communications
Maskey D et al. 2014 animal, mouse/ICR, whole body protein expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial-derived neurotrophic factor in the central auditory system of mice 835 MHz 1.6 W/kg continuous for 8 h/day for 3 months mobile phone, CDMA, mobile communications
Maskey D et al. 2012 animal, mouse/ICR, whole body - 835 MHz 1.6–4 W/kg continuous for 8 h/day during 1 month mobile communications, mobile phone
Mugunthan N et al. 2016 animal, mouse/albino, whole body hippocampus histology 900–1,800 MHz 1.69 W/kg intermittent for 2 minutes every 30 minutes over 12 hours per day (total of 48 minutes per day) for 30 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Kim HS et al. 2015 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body neurogenesis in the adult rat brain 845.5 MHz 2 W/kg continuous for 1 h daily, 5 days per week, for 2 weeks CDMA, mobile communications
Erdem Koc G et al. 2016 animal, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i>), partial body: head of mothers neuron number in hippocampus of offspring 900 MHz 2 W/kg 1 hour/day from the 1st to the 21st day of gestation mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field, co-exposure
Finnie JW et al. 2010 animal, mouse, whole body microglia activation 900 MHz 4 W/kg continuous for 60 min mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Maskey D et al. 2014 animal, mouse/ICR, whole body - 835 MHz 4 W/kg - mobile phone, CDMA, mobile communications, RF field
Jeong YJ et al. 2015 animal, mouse/transgenic 5xFAD (contains 5 human genes associated with Alzheimer's disease), whole body - 1.95 kHz 5 W/kg - mobile phone, W-CDMA, mobile communications, RF field