Study overviews

Mobile phone related articles are

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on mobile communications

1694 studies in total
  1. Health
    736 studies
  2. DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress
    560 studies
  3. Brain
    510 studies
  4. Cells
    220 studies
  5. Other
    204 studies
  6. Cell functions
    118 studies

Health

736 studies in total
  1. Effects on testis/sperms, fertility
    146 studies
  2. Organ parameter
    90 studies
  3. Blood parameter
    85 studies
  4. Behavior
    80 studies
  5. Effects on embryo/fetus
    73 studies
  6. Effects on the auditory system
    61 studies
  7. Heart rate/blood pressure
    58 studies
  8. Hypersensitivity/well-being/subjective complaints
    54 studies
  9. Endocrine changes (in general)
    53 studies
  10. Cancer
    47 studies
  11. Effects on the immune system
    33 studies
  12. Effects on skin
    25 studies
  13. Thermoregulation
    25 studies
  14. Endocrine changes (melatonin)
    19 studies
  15. Effects on bones (bone cells)
    16 studies
  16. Effects on eyes
    10 studies
  17. Effects on nerves (not CNS)
    9 studies
  18. Effects on the musculoskeletal system
    4 studies

Effects on testis/sperms, fertility 146 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Celik S et al. 2012 animal, rat/Wistar-Kyoto, whole body histopathological or ultrastructural changes in the testes 1.8 GHz 1.58 W/kg continuous for 3 months mobile phone, mobile communications
Adebayo EA et al. 2019 animal, rat/albino - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone base station
Lukac N et al. 2011 bovine spermatozoa (of 10 bulls) sperm motility 1,800 MHz - continuous for 30, 120 or 420 min digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Fejes I et al. 2005 human sperm quality - - 15 min/day, 60 min/day, 1 h/day (in standby mode) and 20 h/day (in standby mode); values acquired by interview GSM, mobile communications
Agarwal A et al. 2008 human semen quality - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, not extractable
Wdowiak A et al. 2007 human semen quality - - - digital mobile phone, mobile communications, mobile phone, not extractable
Gutschi T et al. 2011 human male fertility - - - mobile phone, mobile communications, not extractable
Al-Ali BM et al. 2013 human erectile function of men - - - mobile phone, mobile communications, not extractable
Rago R et al. 2013 human semen quality, dimensions of semen-producing organs and the levels of some sex hormones in the blood 850–2,100 MHz - <2 hours/day mobile phone usage mobile phone, UMTS, mobile communications
Hagras AM et al. 2016 human - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Ding SS et al. 2018 human - 1,800–2,450 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz
Dkhil MA et al. 2011 human semen - 850 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Falzone N et al. 2010 human spermatozoa pro-apoptosis events in human spermatozoa (e.g. enzyme activity of caspases, externalization of phosphatidylserine, DNA strand breaks and production of reactive oxygen species) 900 MHz 2–5.7 W/kg continuous for 60 min. mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Hassanzadeh-Taheri M et al. 2022 human spermatozoa - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Davoudi M et al. 2002 human, whole body sperm motility - - 6 h/day for 5 days GSM, mobile communications
Liu K et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, GC-2 cells (murine spermatocyte-derived cell line) - 1,800 MHz 1–4 W/kg intermittent for 24 hours (5 min on and 10 min off) mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Yu G et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, Sertoli cells (rat), animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 2,605 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
De Iuliis GN et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa sperm motility, sperm vitality, sperm density, DNA damage and production of reactive oxygen species 1.8 GHz 0.4–27.5 W/kg continuous for 16 hr mobile phone, mobile communications
Gorpinchenko I et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa sperm parameter 900–1,800 MHz - intermittent every 10 minutes for 5 hours (standby mode with outgoing calls every 10 minutes) mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Zalata A et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa sperm parameters 850 MHz 1.46 W/kg continuous for 60 minutes mobile phone, mobile communications
Nakatani-Enomoto S et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa sperm motility and oxidative stress 1,950 MHz 2–6 W/kg continuous for 1 hour mobile phone, W-CDMA, mobile communications
Ahmad L et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, GSM
Kamali K et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa - 2,400–2,446.5 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field, W-LAN/WiFi
Chu KY et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G, 5G, W-LAN/WiFi
Forgacs Z et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, mouse Leydig cell preparation, animal, mouse/NMRI - 1,800 MHz 0.018–0.023 W/kg continuous for 2 h/day, 5 days/week for 2 weeks digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves, PW pulsed wave
Žaja IŽ et al. 2024 intact cell/cell culture, semen samples (of boar) - 2,500 MHz - - mobile communications, 5G
Suzuki S et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, sperm cells and oocytes derived from mice (B6D2F1) fertilization and embryogenesis; chromosome damage 1,950 MHz 2 W/kg 60 minutes mobile communications, mobile phone, W-CDMA
Sudaryadi I et al. 2020 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G
Panagopoulos DJ et al. 2004 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>, whole body reproductive capacity 900 MHz - repeated daily exposure, 6 min/day for 5 days GSM, mobile communications
Geronikolou S et al. 2014 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon R (adults and pupae), whole body quantity of oviposition 864.1–868.1 MHz 0.7–5 mW/kg continuous for 20 min/day for 5 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, cordless phone
Panagopoulos DJ et al. 2010 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R reproductive capacity of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> 900 MHz 0.795 W/kg continuous for 1 min., 6 min., 11 min., 16 min. or 21 min./day on 5 days digital mobile phone, GSM, TDMA, mobile communications
Panagopoulos DJ et al. 2010 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R reproductive capacity of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> 900 MHz 0.89 W/kg continuous for 6 min/day on 5 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field, electric field, magnetic field, low frequency
Panagopoulos DJ et al. 2010 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R ovarian cell death/DNA fragmentation, reproductive capacity of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> 900 MHz 0.89 W/kg continuous for 6 min/day on 6 days mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications
Chavdoula ED et al. 2010 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R ovarian cell death/DNA fragmentation, reproductive capacity of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> 900 MHz - continuous for 6 min./day on 6 days mobile communications, digital mobile phone, GSM
Panagopoulos DJ et al. 2009 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R ovarian cell death/DNA fragmentation, reproductive capacity of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> 900 MHz 0.89 W/kg continuous for 6 min/day on 5 days mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, TDMA, mobile communications
Panagopoulos DJ 2012 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R ovarian development 900 MHz 0.795 W/kg continuous for 6 min., every 10 h (first exposure 3 h after eclosion), max. for 5 times mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Margaritis LH et al. 2014 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R (wildtype) and <i>Drosophila virilis</i> reproduction of <i>Drosophila spec.</i> (apoptosis in follicles; quantification of F1 pupae) 27.15 MHz 1.2 W/kg 6 or 12 minutes daily for 1 (3rd day of experiment only), or 3 days (<i>D. virilis</i>) (follicles); 6 minutes daily for 7 days (<i>D. virilis</i>) (F1 pupae) mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, CW continuous wave, Bluetooth, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi, FM broadcast (UKW), microw. oven/heating device
Panagopoulos DJ et al. 2007 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R, whole body reproductive capacity of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> 900 MHz - 6 min/day for 5 days digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Panagopoulos DJ et al. 2003 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R, whole body reproductive capacity and malformations of the eggs in the ovaries 50 Hz - continuous for 5 days GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave, electric field, magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure
Vijver MG et al. 2014 invertebrate, fruit fly/<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>, springtails/<i>Folsomia candida</i>, parasitic wasps/<i>Asobara japonica</i> and predatory bug/<i>Orius laevigatus</i> - 900 MHz - - mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications
Kumar et al. 2012 invertebrate, honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.) - - - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Fasseas MK et al. 2015 invertebrate, nematode (<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>)/N2 (wild type), DR1572, DR26, TK22, CL4176, NL5901, RB864, CL2070 (<i>hsp-16.2</i>), CF1553 (<i>sod-3</i>), SJ4005 (<i>hsp-4</i>), LG333 (<i>skn-1</i>), LD1171 (<i>gcs-1</i>) and CL2166 (<i>gst-4</i>) effects on fertility, neurodegeneration, short-term memory, chemotaxis, stress, apoptosis, life span and growth of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> 1,780–1,800 MHz - continuous for 0.5, 1, 3, 6 or 24 h mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi
Falzone N et al. 2008 semen samples male fertility 900 MHz 2–5.7 W/kg continuous for 1 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Agarwal A et al. 2009 semen samples different sperm parameters (e.g. motility, DNA damage, viability) 850 MHz 1.46 W/kg continuous for 60 min digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Falzone N et al. 2011 spermatozoa sperm morphology and acrosome reaction 900 MHz 2 W/kg continuous for 1 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Erogul O et al. 2006 sperms sperm quality 900 MHz - continuous for 5 min digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications