この研究は、マクロファージアッセイとプロテオームスクリーニングを用いて、ミリ波にばく露したラットの血漿における可溶性因子の生物活性を調査した。雄のSprague-Dawleyラットを深部コア温が41.0℃に達するまで、42℃の温熱環境または75mW/cm2の35GHzミリ波にばく露させた温熱群、ミリ波群、および擬似ばく露群から採取した血漿をそれぞれラットのマクロファージNR8383に添加して24時間培養した。二次元ポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動法、画像分析、ウエスタンブロット法を用いて、細胞溶解液中の約600個の蛋白質スポットを分析し、蛋白質量および3-ニトロチロシンレベルの変化を調べた。関連蛋白質は、ペプチドマスフィンガープリント法を用いて同定した。その結果、擬似ばく露群の血漿と比較し、温熱群、ミリ波群の血漿では、NR8383細胞の11の蛋白質で発現レベル上昇、7の蛋白質で3-ニトロチロシンレベル上昇が見られた、と報告している。
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A macrophage assay and proteomic screening were used to study the biological activity of soluble factors in the plasma of millimeter wave-exposed rats.
Rat alveolar macrophages (NR8383 cell line) were incubated for 24 h with 10% plasma from male Sprague-Dawley rats that had been exposed to sham exposure conditions (plasma of three sham exposed rats), or exposed to 42°C (n=3, as positive control) environmental heat or 35 GHz millimeter waves (n=3) until core temperature reached 41°C.
The authors hypothesized that 35 GHz millimeter waves can elicit the release of biologically active mediators into the systemic blood circulation leading to downstream responses in cells and tissues. Use of an in vitro assay allows delineation of effects induced by plasma-borne compounds from the direct effects of heating that would likely be exhibited by macrophage cells derived from the millimeter wave-exposed rats. Macrophages were selected because they have a major role in immune system functions, and, were shown in previous studies to be affected by millimeter wave exposure (see "related articels").
As a positive control for Western blot macrophages were treated for 24 h with a mixture of lipopolysaccharide and recombinant rat IFN-gamma in culture medium.
rats were treated in three groups: i) sham exposure ii) 42° C environmental heat iii) millimeter wave exposure
| 周波数 | 35 GHz |
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| 特性 |
|
| ばく露時間 | until core temperature reached 41° C (for millimeter wave exposure ca. 46 min.); 46 min.for sham exposure |
| ばく露の発生源／構造 | |
|---|---|
| Distance between exposed object and exposure source | 110 cm |
| ばく露装置の詳細 | conical horn antenna with an aperture of 6.8 cm; anesthetized rats placed on a stand with the clipped side of the body centered along the boresight of the horn antenna |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
Compared to plasma from sham exposed rats, plasma from heat or millimeter wave exposed rats increased the expression of 11 proteins, and levels of 3-nitrotyrosine in seven proteins, in the NR8383 cell line. These altered proteins are associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and energy metabolism.
Findings of this study indicate both environmental heat and 35 GHz millimeter wave exposure elicit the release of macrophage-activating mediators into the plasma of rats.
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