To study the potential of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (900 MHz) to cause a genomic damage in the form of micronucleus induction.
After different post-exposure incubation periods (4 h or 22 h, with or without cytochalasin B), cells were fixed and micronucleus frequencies were evaluated. Cells treated with methyl methanesulfonate for 4 h were used as positive control.
| Exposure | Parameters |
|---|---|
|
Exposure 1:
900 MHz
Modulation type:
CW
both cell types
|
|
|
Exposure 2:
900 MHz
Modulation type:
pulsed
Exposure duration:
continuous for 30 min
AL cells only
|
|
| Modulation type | CW |
|---|
| Exposure source | |
|---|---|
| Setup | cells placed in slide flasks positioned in the center of the µTEM cell; a µTEM cell is a widened coaxial waveguide in which the inner conductor transforms from a round wire at the input and output ports to a thin plate in the center; above and beneath this plate the field is homogeneous; slide flasks at the bottom of the housing underneath the plate; µTEM cell temperature-regulated with a Peltier element and placed inside a thermally isolating styrofoam box; µTEM cell terminated with a 50 Ω resistor to ensure travelling wave conditions |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| electric field strength | 90 V/m | effective value | calculated | - | 5, 10, 30, 90 V/m |
| Frequency | 900 MHz |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Charakteristic | |
| Exposure duration | continuous for 30 min |
| Additional info | AL cells only |
| Exposure source |
|
|---|---|
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| electric field strength | 90 V/m | effective value | calculated | - | 5, 10, 30, 90 V/m |
Both cell types did not show any genomic damage after exposure. To adapt the protocol for the micronucleus test into the direction of the protocol for mitotic disturbances, the post-exposure incubation period was reduced (4 h). and exposure time was extended to one cell cycle length (22 h). This did not result in any increase of the genomic damage.
In conclusion, micronucleus induction was not observed as a consequence of exposure to non-ionizing radiation, even though this agent was reported to cause mitotic disturbances under similar experimental conditions (see Schmid and Schrader 2007, Schrader et al. 2008, Schrader et al. 2011).
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