Study overviews

Mobile phone related articles are

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on mobile communications

1694 studies in total
  1. Health
    736 studies
  2. DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress
    560 studies
  3. Brain
    510 studies
  4. Cells
    220 studies
  5. Other
    204 studies
  6. Cell functions
    118 studies

DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress

560 studies in total
  1. (Oxidative) stress response
    305 studies
  2. Genotoxicity
    198 studies
  3. Gene/protein expression (in general)
    118 studies
  4. Gene/protein expression (HSP)
    42 studies

(Oxidative) stress response 305 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Savchenko L et al. 2023 animal, mouse/Swiss Webster - 915 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Koohestanidehaghi Y et al. 2023 animal, mouse/NMRI (embryo) - 900–1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Sun C et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Demirbağ B et al. 2023 animal, rat/Wistar - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Bektas H et al. 2021 human - 900–1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Bektas H 2022 animal, rat/Wistar albino - 900 MHz - - GSM, mobile communications, RF field
Khayat S et al. 2023 animal, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i>) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field
Mazur E et al. 2016 animal, rat/Wistar - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Jooyan N et al. 2024 intact cell/cell culture, CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Gautam R et al. 2024 animal, rat/ Wistar - 2,350 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G, LTE
Tripathi R et al. 2023 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - 1,760 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Patrignoni L et al. 2024 intact cell/cell culture, human Xp6be fibroblasts and KHAT keratinocytes - 3.5 GHz - - mobile communications, 5G, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Goudarzi M et al. 2023 animal, rat/Wistar - 915–2,450 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 2.45 GHz, RF field, W-LAN/WiFi, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Handa AP et al. 2024 plant, Weisskohl und Rotkohl (<i>Brassica oleracea</i>) - 2,850 MHz - - mobile communications, 5G, RF field
Sharma A et al. 2024 plant, onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) - 800–2,300 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone base station
Migdal P et al. 2024 invertebrate, worker honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera carnica</i> L.) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications
Bektas H et al. 2024 animal, rat/Wistar albino - 3.5 GHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, PW pulsed wave
Mohamed H et al. 2024 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Finnie JW et al. 2007 animal, mouse/C57BL/6NTac, whole body <i>c-fos</i> expression in the brain (to assess stress response) 900 MHz 4 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 60 min/day, 5 days/week, for 104 weeks digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Zong C et al. 2015 animal, mouse/ICR, whole body DNA damage in leukocytes, oxidative stress and antioxidative status in plasma, liver and lung 900 MHz 50 mW/kg continuous for 4 h/day for 7 days mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave, co-exposure
Yao K et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, SRA01/04-hLEC (human eye lens epithelial cells) DNA damage, intracellular reactive oxygen species formation 30–90 Hz 1–4 W/kg intermittent, 5 min on/10 min off, for 2 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Liu C et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, GC-2 cells (murine spermatocyte-derived cell line) DNA damage, oxidative stress 1,800 MHz 1–4 W/kg intermittent (5 min on, 10 min off) for 24 hours mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Wang X et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, Neuro-2a (mouse neuroblastoma) cells DNA damage, oxidative stress and cell viability 900 MHz 0.5–2 W/kg continuous for 24 hours mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, co-exposure
Luukkonen J et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) DNA damage, production of reactive oxygen species 872 MHz 5 W/kg continuous for 1 h GSM, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave, co-exposure
Kesari KK et al. 2014 animal, rat/ Wistar, whole body DNA damage, protein expression, apoptosis and oxidative stress in brain 2,115 MHz 0.26–0.9 W/kg continuous for 2 hours/day for 60 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Luukkonen J et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) DNA damage, reactive oxygen species production 872 MHz 5 W/kg continuous for 1 h for the ROS production experiment; continuous for 3 hr for the comet assay experiment mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave, PW pulsed wave
Khalil AM et al. 2012 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body DNA damage/oxidative stress (urinary level of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine) 1,800 MHz - continuous for 2 h mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Sanchez S et al. 2008 animal, rat/hairless, partial body: right part of the back Heat shock protein expression 900 MHz 2.4–5.8 W/kg continuous for 2 h GSM, mobile communications
Leszczynski D et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture, EA.hy926 cells activation of signal transduction pathways and induction of cellular stress response (expression status of heat shock protein 27 and p38MAPK) 900 MHz 2 W/kg continuous for 1 h GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Lim HB et al. 2005 blood samples activation of stress response genes 900 MHz 0.4–3.6 W/kg continuous for 4 hours GSM, mobile communications
Miyakoshi J et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture, MO54 cells (derived from a human malignant glioma) activation of stress response genes 1,950 MHz 1–10 W/kg continuous for 1 or 2 h mobile communications
Elhag MA et al. 2007 animal, rat, whole body antioxidant capacity of the blood 900 MHz 0.25 W/kg 15 min/day for 4 days mobile communications, digital mobile phone, GSM
Abu Khadra KM et al. 2015 human, partial body: head antioxidative parameters in the saliva 1,800 MHz 1.09 W/kg continuous for 30 minutes mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Dasdag S et al. 2009 animal, rat/Wistar albino, partial body: head apoptosis and oxidative stress in the brain 900 MHz 0.17–0.58 W/kg continuous for 2 hr/day, 7 days/week for 10 months mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, microwaves
Hirose H et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, A172 (human glioblastoma cells) and IMR90 fibroblasts (from fetal lungs) apoptosis, cellular stress response 2.1425 GHz 80–800 mW/kg continuous for 24 or 48 h mobile phone base station, CDMA, mobile communications
Cig B et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line) apoptosis, cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration, generation of reactive oxygen species 900 MHz 0.18–0.58 mW/kg continuous for 1 hour mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz
Khirazova EE et al. 2012 animal, white rat, whole body behavior in open field test, antioxidant defense system 905 MHz 1.67 W/kg continuous for 2 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Nirwane A et al. 2016 animal, zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>, AB wild type strain), whole body behavior of zebrafish and oxidative stress in the brain 900 MHz 1.34 W/kg for 1 hour/day for 14 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Kismali G et al. 2012 animal, rabbit/New Zealand White, whole body blood chemistry, oxidative stress: lipid persoxidation 1,800 MHz - continuous for 15 min/day during 7 days (day 15 to day 22 of gestation) digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves, PW pulsed wave
Ozgur E et al. 2013 animal, rabbit/New Zealand, whole body: prenatal and/or postnatal blood parameters, lipid peroxidation 1,800 MHz - 15 min/day for 7 days in pregnant animals (between 15th and 22nd day of gestation), for 7 days in female infants and for 14 days in male infants mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Dogan M et al. 2012 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body brain metabolism, oxidative stress, histopathology and apoptosis in the brain 1.9 Hz–2.2 GHz - every day two times 20 min (1x talking, 1x listening mode) from day 2 to day 21 digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Huang TQ et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, HEI-OC1 cells (immortalized mouse auditory hair cells) cell cycle, DNA damage, stress response, and gene expression 1,763 MHz 20 W/kg continuous for 24 h and 48 h mobile communications, mobile phone, CDMA
Hoyto A et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) and mouse fibroblasts (L929) cell proliferation, cell death 872 MHz 5 W/kg continuous for 1 or 24 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Sanchez S et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, human reconstructed epidermis using human keratinocytes, normal human epidermal keratinocytes and normal human dermal fibroblasts cell stress response 900 MHz 2–16 W/kg continuous for 48 h GSM, mobile communications
Ni S et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, human eye lens epithelial cells (HLE B3) cell viability, oxidative stress 1,800 MHz 2–4 W/kg intermittent (5 minutes field "on"/10 minutes field "off") for up to 24 hours GSM, mobile communications, RF field, microwaves
Kang KA et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblasts), U87 (human glioma cells), PC12 (rat pheochromocytoma cells), SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cells) cell viability, oxidative stress 837–1,950 MHz 2 W/kg continuous for 2 hours mobile phone, CDMA, W-CDMA, mobile communications, co-exposure
Marjanovic AM et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, V79 (Chinese hamster fibroblast cells) cell viability, oxidative stress 1,800 MHz 1.6 W/kg continuous for 10, 30 and 60 minutes mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Chauhan V et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, TK6 cells (lymphoblastoma cells) cellular stress response 1.9 GHz 1–10 W/kg intermittent, 5 min on/10 min off, for 6 h digital mobile phone, mobile communications
Lee JS et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, Jurkat cells (T lymphocyte hybridoma cell line) and rat primary astrocytes cellular stress response 1,762.5 MHz 2–20 W/kg continuous for 30 min or 1 h digital mobile phone, CDMA, mobile communications
Hirose H et al. 2007 intact cell/cell culture, A172 (human glioblastoma cells) and IMR90 fibroblasts (from fetal lungs) cellular stress response (Hsp27 (heat-shock protein 27) content and hsp27 phosphorylation) 2.1425 GHz 80–800 mW/kg continuous for 2, 24, or 48 h for A172 cells mobile phone base station, CDMA, mobile communications, microwaves