Study type: Medical/biological study (experimental study)

Effects of simultaneous combined exposure to CDMA and WCDMA electromagnetic field on immune functions in rats med./bio.

Published in: Int J Radiat Biol 2012; 88 (11): 814-821

Aim of study (acc. to author)

To assess the effect of simultaneous exposure to two types of radiofrequency electromagnetic field signals (CDMA and W-CDMA) on the immune system of rats.

Background/further details

240 rats were used. Every two weeks after the start of the experiment, 20 rats were autopsied.

Endpoint

Exposure

Exposure Parameters
Exposure 1: 848.5 MHz
Exposure duration: continuous for 45 min/day, 5 days/week for up to 8 weeks
  • SAR: 4 W/kg average over mass (whole body)
Exposure 2: 848.5–1,950 MHz
Exposure duration: continuous for 45 min/day, 5 days/week for up to 8 weeks
  • SAR: 4 W/kg average over mass (whole body) (2 W/kg for CDMA and 2 W/kg for W-CDMA)
  • power: 18 W average over mass (for W-CDMA)
  • power: 30 W average over mass (for CDMA)

General information

Rats were exposed to CDMA alone or simulatenously to CDMA and W-CDMA.

Exposure 1

Main characteristics
Frequency 848.5 MHz
Type
Exposure duration continuous for 45 min/day, 5 days/week for up to 8 weeks
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Chamber reverberation chamber (2,295 mm x 2,293 mm x 1,470 mm; thickness of the stainless steel walls 2.3 mm)
Setup 5 cages were placed on the table located inside the exposure chamber; rats (two rats per cage) were housed in polycarbonate cages (420 x 260 x 180 mm) on hardwood bedding
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Additional info position of the cages and turn of exposure (morning or afternoon) were changed every day
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
SAR 4 W/kg average over mass calculated whole body -

Exposure 2

Main characteristics
Frequency 848.5–1,950 MHz
Type
Exposure duration continuous for 45 min/day, 5 days/week for up to 8 weeks
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
SAR 4 W/kg average over mass calculated whole body 2 W/kg for CDMA and 2 W/kg for W-CDMA
power 18 W average over mass calculated - for W-CDMA
power 30 W average over mass calculated - for CDMA

Reference articles

  • Jin YB et al. (2011): One-year, simultaneous combined exposure of CDMA and WCDMA radiofrequency electromagnetic fields to rats
  • Lee HJ et al. (2009): Lack of teratogenicity after combined exposure of pregnant mice to CDMA and WCDMA radiofrequency electromagnetic fields

Exposed system:

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

Investigated system:
Investigated organ system:
Time of investigation:
  • during exposure
  • after exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

The data suggest that simultaneous exposure to CDMA and W-CDMA signals with a total SAR dose of 4 W/kg for 45 min/day for 8 weeks, which is a relatively high SAR level compared to the exposure levels for the human system recommended by ICNIRP, did not have any detectable effects on immune function in rats.

Study character:

Study funded by

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