Study overviews

Mobile phone related articles are

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on mobile communications

1697 studies in total
  1. Health
    738 studies
  2. DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress
    562 studies
  3. Brain
    511 studies
  4. Cells
    221 studies
  5. Other
    204 studies
  6. Cell functions
    118 studies

Cells

221 studies in total
  1. Apoptosis/cell death
    112 studies
  2. Cell proliferation/growth
    81 studies
  3. Cell morphology
    37 studies
  4. Cell cycle
    34 studies
  5. Cell viability
    34 studies
  6. Cell differentiation
    8 studies
  7. Cell orientation
    one study

Apoptosis/cell death 112 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Kim JH et al. 2018 animal, mouse/C57BL/6 - 835 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave
Okatan DÖ et al. 2018 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave
Yu G et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, Sertoli cells (rat), animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 2,605 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Joushomme A et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, UMTS, GSM, LTE, 4G, CW continuous wave, PW pulsed wave, W-LAN/WiFi, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Gulati S et al. 2020 intact cell/cell culture, human lymphocytes - 1,923–1,977 MHz - - mobile communications, UMTS, mobile phone
Chavdoula ED et al. 2010 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R ovarian cell death/DNA fragmentation, reproductive capacity of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> 900 MHz - continuous for 6 min./day on 6 days mobile communications, digital mobile phone, GSM
Caraglia M et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture, human oropharyngeal epidermoid carcinoma KB cancer cell line (depend from the Ras --> Erk-mediated survival signaling that protect them from apoptotic stimuli) apoptosis 1.95 GHz 3.6 mW/g continuous for 1, 2 and 3 h or for 48 h mobile communications, microwaves
Koç A et al. 2013 animal, rat/Wistar - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Kim JH et al. 2017 animal, mouse/C57BL/6, whole body - 835 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Gevrek F 2018 animal, rat/Wistar albino - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
El-Swefy S et al. 2008 animal, rat/albino - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone base station, co-exposure
Varghese R et al. 2018 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 2.45 GHz, W-LAN/WiFi
Saka VP et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, primary cortical neurons (of rat) - 2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Eghlidospour M et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, neural stem cells (mouse/BALB/c) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Shahin S et al. 2018 animal, mouse/Swiss albino - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Er H et al. 2022 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Tomruk A et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29 cells) - 1,800–2,600 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, LTE, UMTS, 4G
Mortazavi SMJ et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, Jurkat cells (human lymphoblastoid T cells) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, RF field
Durdik M et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, Nabelschnurblut-Zellen - 890.2–1,947.4 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, UMTS, microwaves
Dasdag S et al. 2009 animal, rat/Wistar albino, partial body: head apoptosis and oxidative stress in the brain 900 MHz 0.17–0.58 W/kg continuous for 2 hr/day, 7 days/week for 10 months mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, microwaves
Yinhui P et al. 2023 animal, mouse/BALB/c - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, LTE, CDMA
Bedir R et al. 2018 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field
Zhang KY et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, GC-2 cells (murine spermatocyte-derived cell line) - 1,950 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, co-exposure
Sun C et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Gupta SK et al. 2019 animal, rat/Charles-foster albino - 900 MHz–2.45 GHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz, RF field
Lee JS et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, HT22 (mouse hippocampus neuronal cells) cytotoxicity 837–1,950 MHz 2 W/kg continuous for 2 hours mobile phone, CDMA, W-CDMA, mobile communications, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Liu YX et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, U251-MG, U87-MG, T98G and A127 (human glioblastoma cell lines) cellular parameters <i>in vitro</i> and tumorigenesis <i>in vivo</i> 1,950 MHz 5 W/kg continuous for 12 hours mobile phone, CDMA, mobile communications
Gläser K et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, human hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) - 900–2,535 MHz - - mobile phone, GSM, UMTS, LTE, mobile communications
Calabro E et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) cellular stress response (heat shock protein expression, cell viability and apoptosis) 1,760 MHz 0.086 W/kg continuous for 2 h and 4 h mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Sokolovic D et al. 2013 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body oxidative stress, proliferation and apoptosis in thymocytes, genotoxicity 900 MHz 0.043–0.135 W/g continuous for 4 hours/day on 20, 40 or 60 consecutive days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Kruglik OV et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, EAC cells (Ehrlich ascites carcinoma) - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Köktürk S et al. 2013 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body apoptosis in the cerebellum 900 MHz - 30 min/day until rats were 80 days old mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Hou Q et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblast cell line) oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in mouse embryonic fibroblasts 1,800 MHz 2 W/kg intermittent exposure (5 min on/10 min off) for 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6 or 8 hours mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Motawi TK et al. 2014 animal, rat/Wistar albino - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Ozgur E et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, Hep G2 cells (hepatic transformed cell line) - 900 MHz 2 W/kg - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Liu K et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, GC-2 cells (murine spermatocyte-derived cell line) - 1,800 MHz 1–4 W/kg intermittent for 24 hours (5 min on and 10 min off) mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Chen C et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, embryonic neural stem cells (mouse/BALB/c) differentiation, cell growth and cell viability of neural stem cells 1,800 MHz 1–4 W/kg intermittent for 1 to 3 days (5 min field on, 10 min field off) mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Stefi AL et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) - - - - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Fasseas MK et al. 2015 invertebrate, nematode (<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>)/N2 (wild type), DR1572, DR26, TK22, CL4176, NL5901, RB864, CL2070 (<i>hsp-16.2</i>), CF1553 (<i>sod-3</i>), SJ4005 (<i>hsp-4</i>), LG333 (<i>skn-1</i>), LD1171 (<i>gcs-1</i>) and CL2166 (<i>gst-4</i>) effects on fertility, neurodegeneration, short-term memory, chemotaxis, stress, apoptosis, life span and growth of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> 1,780–1,800 MHz - continuous for 0.5, 1, 3, 6 or 24 h mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi
Atasoy A et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture cell surface antigenic structures, cell viability, cell proliferation, apoptosis 450 MHz - continuous for 2 hr, 6 hr or 24 hr mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field
Cig B et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line) apoptosis, cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration, generation of reactive oxygen species 900 MHz 0.18–0.58 mW/kg continuous for 1 hour mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz
Kahya MC et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, MDA-MB-231 cells (breast cancer cell line) - 900 MHz 0.36 W/kg - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, co-exposure
Falzone N et al. 2010 human spermatozoa pro-apoptosis events in human spermatozoa (e.g. enzyme activity of caspases, externalization of phosphatidylserine, DNA strand breaks and production of reactive oxygen species) 900 MHz 2–5.7 W/kg continuous for 60 min. mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Liu ML et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, primary cortical neurons (of rat) cell viability and cell death of neurons 1,800 MHz - continuous for 6 x 2 h/day on 2 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Souza LCM et al. 2014 human, partial body nuclear abnormalities 850–1,900 MHz 0.344–1.38 W/kg > 5 hours mobile phone use per week mobile phone, mobile communications
Kesari KK et al. 2014 animal, rat/ Wistar, whole body DNA damage, protein expression, apoptosis and oxidative stress in brain 2,115 MHz 0.26–0.9 W/kg continuous for 2 hours/day for 60 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Umur AS et al. 2013 animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn (eggs), whole body development of the neural tube - 0.77 W/kg standby mode for 30, 48 or 72 hours mobile phone, mobile communications
Naziroglu M et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, hippocampal neurons (from Wistar rats) - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Odaci E et al. 2015 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body histology, apoptosis and oxidative stress in the testes 900 MHz 0.025 W/kg continuous for 1 hour/day for 30 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Yilmaz A et al. 2017 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications