Study overviews

Mobile phone related articles are

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on mobile communications

1696 studies in total
  1. Health
    738 studies
  2. DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress
    561 studies
  3. Brain
    511 studies
  4. Cells
    220 studies
  5. Other
    204 studies
  6. Cell functions
    118 studies

DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress

561 studies in total
  1. (Oxidative) stress response
    306 studies
  2. Genotoxicity
    198 studies
  3. Gene/protein expression (in general)
    118 studies
  4. Gene/protein expression (HSP)
    42 studies

Genotoxicity 198 studies in total

List view Background information
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Aitken RJ et al. 2005 animal, mouse/CD-1 Swiss, whole body DNA damage in spermatozoa 900 MHz 90 mW/kg repeated daily exposure, 12 h/day for 7 days GSM, mobile communications
Akdag M et al. 2018 human - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Al-Serori H et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, U87 and U251 (human glioblastoma cell lines) - 1,950 MHz - - UMTS, mobile communications, RF field
Al-Serori H et al. 2018 intact cell/cell culture, U87, U251 and U373 (human glioblastoma cell lines), SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line), NCH421k (glioblastoma stem-like cell line), ES-1 (human diploid fibroblasts), TR-146 (human buccal cell line), HepG2 (human hepatocarcinoma cell line), human primary astrocytes and human lymphocytes - 1,950 MHz - - mobile communications, UMTS
Alkis ME et al. 2019 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 900–2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Alkis ME et al. 2019 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900–2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field
Alkis ME et al. 2021 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - 1,800–2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, microwaves, PW pulsed wave
Antonopoulos A et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture frequency of sister-chromatid exchange, velocity of cell cycle 380 MHz 82.9–1,700 mW/kg continuous for 48, 52, 56, 64, and 68 h mobile communications, GSM
Atli Sekeroglu Z et al. 2013 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body DNA damage, cytotoxicity 900 MHz 0.37–0.76 W/kg continuous for 2 h/day for 45 days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave
Banerjee S et al. 2016 human, partial body: head genotoxicity in oral mucosa - - mobile use for less than 5 years and less than 3 hours a week mobile phone, GSM, CDMA, mobile communications
Baohong W et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture DNA damage 1.8 GHz 3 W/kg continuous for 2 h GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Baohong W et al. 2007 intact cell/cell culture comet assay 1.8 GHz 3 W/kg continuous for 1.5 h or 4 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Bektas H et al. 2021 human - 900–1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Belyaev I et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, mesenchymal stem cells and primary cultures of human fibroblasts (VH-10) DNA double-strand breaks and double-strand break repair (53BP1 foci formation) 905 MHz 37–39 mW/kg continuous for 1 h, 2 h or 3 h mobile phone, GSM, UMTS, mobile communications
Belyaev IY et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture chromatin conformation and 53BP1 foci formation (DNA damage), apoptosis 50 Hz 37 mW/kg continuous for 2 h GSM, mobile communications, microwaves, 50/60 Hz
Belyaev IY et al. 2006 animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body DNA strand breaks, changes in chromatin conformation, gene expression 915 MHz 0.4 mW/g continuous for 2 h GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Belyaev IY et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture genotoxic effects and stress response 905–915 MHz 37–40 mW/kg 1 h mobile communications, digital mobile phone, GSM, UMTS
Bisht KS et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture, C3H 10T1/2 cells (derived from mouse embryo fibroblasts) formation of micronuclei 835.62 MHz 3.2–5.1 W/kg continuous for 3, 8,16, or 24 h CDMA, FDMA, mobile communications
Bourdineaud JP et al. 2017 invertebrate, earthworm (<i>Eisenia fetida</i>) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Bourthoumieu S et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, amniotic cells chromosomal damage, chromosome aberrations 900 MHz 0.25–2 W/kg continuous for 24 hr mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Bourthoumieu S et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, amniotic cells genomic instability (aneuploidy) 900 MHz 4–32 W/kg continuous for 24 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Cain CD et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, C3H 10T1/2 and UV/TDT10e (10e) cells (mouse fibroblast cells) <i>in vitro</i> carcinogenesis/focus formation 836.55 MHz 0.15–15 µW/g 20 min on - 20 min off, 24 h/day for 28 days TDMA, mobile communications, RF field, PW pulsed wave
Cam ST et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, human, partial body: right ear DNA single-strand breaks 900 MHz 0.974 W/kg continuous for 15 min or 30 min digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Chandel S et al. 2019 plant, onion (<i>Allium cepa</i>) - 2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field
Chandel S et al. 2019 plant, onion (<i>Allium cepa</i>) - 2,350 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field
Chang SK et al. 2005 bacterium, <i>Escherichia coli</i>/WP2uvrA; <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>/TA 98, TA 100, TA 102, TA 1535 and TA 1537 occurrency of revertants, DNA stability 835 MHz 4 W/kg continuous for 48 h mobile communications, mobile phone, CDMA
Choi J et al. 2020 intact cell/cell culture - 1.7 GHz - - LTE, mobile communications
D'Silva MH et al. 2017 animal, chicken embryos/Gallus domesticus (eggs) - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, UHF fields
D'Silva MH et al. 2021 animal, hen eggs (<i>Gallus domesticus</i> ) - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, UMTS
Danese E et al. 2017 human blood samples - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Daroit NB et al. 2015 - - - - - mobile phone, mobile communications
De Iuliis GN et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa sperm motility, sperm vitality, sperm density, DNA damage and production of reactive oxygen species 1.8 GHz 0.4–27.5 W/kg continuous for 16 hr mobile phone, mobile communications
Deshmukh PS et al. 2013 animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body DNA damage in the rat brain 900 MHz 0.5838–0.6672 mW/kg 2 h/day, 5 days/week for 30 days mobile phone, mobile communications, low level microwaves, 2.45 GHz
Deshmukh PS et al. 2015 animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body cognitive function, Hsp70 protein expression and DNA damage in the rat brain 900 MHz 0.5853–0.6672 mW/kg continuous for 2 h/day, 5 days/week for 180 days mobile communications, microwaves, 2.45 GHz
Deshmukh PS et al. 2016 animal, rat/Fischer 344, whole body Hsp70 protein expression and DNA damage, learning and spatial memory 900 MHz 0.5835–0.6672 mW/kg 2 hours/day, 5 days/week for 90 days mobile communications, mobile phone, microwaves, low level microwaves, W-LAN/WiFi, RF field, CW continuous wave
Diem E et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture, GFSH-R17 (transformed rat granulosa cells) and human diploid fibroblasts DNA single-strand breaks and double-strand breaks 1,800 MHz 1.2–2 W/kg continuous for 4, 16 and 24 h GSM, mobile communications
Ding SS et al. 2018 human - 1,800–2,450 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz
Duan W et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, GC-2 cells (murine spermatocyte-derived cell line) DNA damage 50 Hz 1–4 W/kg intermittent 5 min field on and 10 min field off for 24 h GSM, mobile communications, RF field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Durdik M et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, Nabelschnurblut-Zellen - 890.2–1,947.4 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, UMTS, microwaves
Eberle P et al. 1996 intact cell/cell culture mutations in genes and chromosomes, cell proliferation 440 MHz - continuous for 70, 50, or 39 h mobile communications, GSM, C-Net
El-Abd SF et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, human lymphocytes - 1,950 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Esmekaya MA et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood lymphocytes mutation rate, cell viability and cell morphology of human peripheral blood lymphocytes 1.8 GHz 0.21 W/kg continuous for 6, 8, 12 and 48 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves, PW pulsed wave, co-exposure
Falone S et al. 2018 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) - 1,950 MHz - - UMTS, mobile communications
Ferreira AR et al. 2006 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body chromosome damage 834 MHz 1.23 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 8.5 h/day, throughout pregnancy analog mobile phone, mobile communications
Franzellitti S et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, HTR-8/SVneo (human trophoblast cell line) DNA damage 1.8 GHz 2 W/kg 5 min on / 10 min off - for 4 hr, 16 hr or 24 hr digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, AM amplitude modulation, CW continuous wave, PW pulsed wave
Gadhia PK et al. 2003 blood samples, human chromosome damage 890–960 MHz - average 1 to 3 or 3 to 5 hours per day for at least 2 years mobile communications, GSM, FDMA, TDMA
Gajski G et al. 2009 whole blood samples DNA damage and protective effect of honeybee venom 915 MHz 0.6 W/kg continuous for 30 min mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Gandhi G et al. 2005 human, whole body DNA and chromosome damage 800–2,000 MHz 0.59–1.56 W/kg 1 h - 15 h per day for 1 year to 5 years mobile phone, GSM, CDMA, mobile communications
Gandhi G et al. 2005 human, whole body, partial body: head DNA damage (chromosome aberration and micronuclei formation) - 0.1–1.92 W/kg 2.16 hr/day - 16 hr/day for up to 5 years mobile phone, mobile communications
Gandhi G et al. 2015 human - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone